Chapter 11

Question 1

tissue types

Answer 1

epithelial
muscle
connective
nervous

Question 2

forces acting on tissue

Answer 2

tension
compression
bending
shear
torsion

Question 3

healing phases

Answer 3

inflammatory reponse stage- 2-4 days
fibroblastic repair - hours -6 weeks
maturation remodelling phase- 3 weeks- years

Question 4

inflamatory reponse stage

Answer 4

inflammation begins at time of injury
signs:
redness
swelling
pain
increased temp
loss of function
you should; protect, rest, compression elevation. cryotherapy

Question 5

fibroblastic repair phase

Answer 5

repair and scar formation
granulation tissue fills the gap
collogen fibers are deposited by fibroblasts
inflamatory reposnse sene in phase 1 sunsides

Question 6

maturation-remodelling phase

Answer 6

remodelling or realigning of scar tissue
more aggressive stretching and strengthing
-organizes the scar tissue along the lines of tensile stress
include sport-specific skills and activities

Question 7

strain

Answer 7

tendon or muscle is stretched or torn

Question 8

sprain

Answer 8

ligament or joint capsule is stretched or torn

Question 9

grades of sprains and strains

Answer 9

grade 1 
-sligthly steached or torn, few msucle fibers
grade 2
-moderatly stretched or torn, more muscle fibers
grade 3
-complete rupture
-surgery required
-ACL tear

Question 10

common strains

Answer 10

quads, adductors, hip flextors, hamstrings, rotator cuff

Question 11

hamstring strains

Answer 11

most common strained muscle 
mechanism:
rapid contraction in a lengthened position 
ex) sprinting 
due to stregth imbalance
ham < quad

Question 12

ankle sprains

Answer 12

during running, walking, dancing or stepping off a cub
most common: lateral ankle sprain
-inversion
common reoccurance
symptoms: swelling, tenderness
rehabilitation:
decreases reoccurance, balance exercises

Question 13

dislocations

Answer 13

high enough forces push the joint beyond its normal anatomical limits
joint surfaces come apart
subluxation- when supporting structures (ligaments) are stretvhed or torn enough to allow boney surfaces to sperate (partical disolcation)
most common: fingers followed by shoulder

Question 14

fractures

Answer 14

simple fratcure- stays within the surrounding soft issue
compound fracture- protrudes from the skin
stress frature- results from repeated low mag loads
avulsions frature- involves tendon or ligament pulling small chip of bone (frequent inkids)

Question 15

tendonitis

Answer 15

inflammation of tendon as a result of small tear in the tendon
from: excessive repeptitive motion, age, improper technique

Question 16

bursitis

Answer 16

inflammation of the bursae
tiny fiuld filled scas
libricate and cushion pressure points between bone and tendons 
results from oversue and stress
-age is also a factor
most common
-shoulder, elbow, hip
inflammation and pain aggravated by movement and direct pressure

Question 17

stress fracture

Answer 17

results from repeated low-magnitude forces
1. small disruption of the outer bone layer
2. weakended bone
3. cortical bone fracture
NOT shin splints

Question 18

shin splints

Answer 18

pain along medical tibial surface
involves pain and inflammation
no distruption of cortical bone