Chapter 10 vocabulary

Question 1

neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells

Answer 1

acetylcholine

Question 2

carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerve)

Answer 2

afferent nerve

Question 3

middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord

Answer 3

arachnoid membrane

Question 4

type of glial (neuroglial cell) that transports water and salts from capillaries in the nervous system

Answer 4

astrocyte

Question 5

nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs

Answer 5

autonomic nervous system

Question 6

microscopic fiber that is part of a neuron and carries nervous impulse along a nerve cell

Answer 6

axon

Question 7

protective separation between the blood and brain cells’ makes it difficult for substances to penetrate capillary walls and enter the bran

Answer 7

blood-brain barrier

Question 8

posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord (includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata)

Answer 8

brainstem

Question 9

collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord

Answer 9

cauda equina

Question 10

part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus

Answer 10

cell body

Question 11

brain and spinal cord

Answer 11

central nervous system (CNS)

Question 12

largest part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance

Answer 12

cerebellum

Question 13

outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; grey matter of the brain

Answer 13

cerebral cortex