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Medical Terminology > Ch 22 Conditions 2.0 > Flashcards

Ch 22 Conditions 2.0 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

external expression of emotion, or emotional response

A

affect

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2
Q

loss of memory

A

amnesia

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3
Q

eating disorder with excessive dieting and refusal to maintain a normal body weight

A

anorexia nervosa

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4
Q

characterized by unpleasant tension, distress, and avoidance behavior; examples are panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder

A

anxiety disorders

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5
Q

absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvement

A

apathy

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6
Q

neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction and communication and by restricted, repetitive behavior

A

autism

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7
Q

these disorders are marked by alternating periods of mania and depression

A

bipolar disorder

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8
Q

eating disorder with binge eating followed by vomiting, purging, and depression

A

bulimia nervosa

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9
Q

plant substance from which marijuana is obtained

A

cannabis

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10
Q

uncontrollable urge to preform an act repeatedly in an attempt to reduce anxiety

A

compulsion

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11
Q

condition marked by neurologic symptoms with no organic (physical) basis, appearing as a result of anxiety and unconscious inner conflict

A

conversion disorder

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12
Q

unconscious technique (coping mechanism) used to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety; it protects the person against anxiety and stress; examples are acting out, denial, and repression

A

defense mechanism

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13
Q

acute episodes of confused thinking, disorientation, agitation, and fearlessness; this usually is a reversible impairment

A

delirium

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14
Q

What is Delirium tremens associated with?

A

it is associated with alcohol withdrawl

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15
Q

fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by logical reasoning or evidence

A

delusion

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16
Q

progressive loss of intellectual abilities such as memory, judgement, and reasoning as well as changes in personality

A

dementia

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17
Q

major psychiatric disorders with chronic sadness, loss of energy, hopelessness, worry, discouragement, and commonly suicidal impulses and thoughts

A

depressive disorders

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18
Q

conditions involving breakdown in memory, identity, or perception; examples are identity disorder, dissociative amnesia, and depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

dissociative disorders

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19
Q

central coordinating branch of the personality or mind

A

ego

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20
Q

unconscious flight from customary surroundings; a sign of dissociative disorder

A

fugue

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21
Q

false sensory perception (hearing voices and seeing things)

A

hallucination

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22
Q

major unconscious part of the personality; energy from instinctual drives and desires

A

id

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23
Q

unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change

A

labile

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24
Q

elevated expansive state (euphoria) with hyperactivity, talkativeness, and racing thought

A

mania

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25
Q

no, or very little, ability to speak

A

mutism

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26
Q

group of childhood disorders characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills; autism spectrum disorder is an example

A

neurodevelopmental disorders

27
Q

involuntary, persistent idea, urge, or emotion

A

obsession

28
Q

anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts dominate behavior

A

obsessive-compulsion disorder

29
Q

overly suspicious system of thinking with fixed delusions of being harassed, persecuted, or unfairly treated

A

paranoia

30
Q

recurrent intense sexual urge, fantasy, and behavior that involves unusual objects, activities, or situations

A

paraphilia

31
Q

lifelong patterns of interacting and behavior marked by inflexibility and impairment of social functioning

A

personality disorders

32
Q

irrational or disabling fear (avoidance) of an object or situation

A

phobia

33
Q

anxiety-related symptoms appear after personal experience of a traumatic event

A

post-traumatic stress disorder

34
Q

diagnostic personality test using stimuli (inkblots, pictures, abstract patterns, incomplete sentences) to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individual’s personality

A

protective (personality) test

35
Q

Physician (MD degree) or osteopath (DO degree) with medical training in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders

A

psychiatrist

36
Q

marked by loss of contact with reality, often associated with delusions and hallucinations

A

psychosis

37
Q

psychological process that distinguishes fact from fantasy; severely impaired in psychosis

A

reality testing

38
Q

defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and impulses are automatically pushed into the unconscious, out of awareness

A

repression

39
Q

group of chronic psychotic disorders that may include hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, flat affect, and lack of initiative

A

schizophrenia spectrum disorders

40
Q

disturbances in a person’s ability to respond sexually or to experience sexual pleasure

A

sexual dysfunctions

41
Q

presence of physical symptoms (such as pain or fatigue) that cannot be explained by an actual physical disorder or mental condition

A

somatic symptom disorders

42
Q

group of disorders marked by regular overuse of or dependence on psychoactive substances (alcohol, amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinations, opioids, and sedatives) that affect the central nervous system

A

substance-related and addictive disorders

43
Q

internalized conscience and moral aspect of the personality

A

superego

44
Q

central nervous system stimulants that may be used to treat attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and depression

A

amphetamines

45
Q

drugs that treat psychotic symptoms and behavior (schizophrenia, or bipolar disease; second generation anti-psychotics)

A

atypical anti-psychotics

46
Q

drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation, and panic attacks

A

benzodiazepines

47
Q

focuses on the connection between behavior and thoughts; conditioning (changing behavior patterns by training and repetition) is used to relieve anxiety and improve symptoms of illness

A

cognitive behavioral therapy

48
Q

electrical current is used to produce convulsions and loss of consciousness; effective in the treatment of major depression

A

electroconvulsive therapy

49
Q

treatment of an entire family to resolve and shed light on conflicts

A

family therapy

50
Q

early neuroleptic medications that reduces psychotic symptoms

A

first generation anti-psychotic drugs

51
Q

psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind

A

free association

52
Q

group of patients with similar problems gain insight into their personalities through discussion and interaction with each other

A

group therapy

53
Q

induced trance (state of altered consciousness)

A

hypnosis

54
Q

face-to-face discussion of life problems and associated feelings; the patient tells his or her story and has the opportunity to connect emotional patterns in his or her life history with present concerns

A

insight-oriented therapy

55
Q

medication used to treat bipolar illness

A

lithium

56
Q

any drug that favorably modifies psychotic symptoms; anti-psychotic drug

A

neuroleptic drug

57
Q

treatment in which a child, through use of toys in a playroom setting, expresses conflicts and feelings that cannot be communicated verbally

A

play therapy

58
Q

treatment that allows the patient to explore inner emotions and conflicts so as to understand and change current behavior

A

psychoanalytics

59
Q

group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by acting out family and social roles with other patients

A

psychodrama

60
Q

treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs

A

psychoparmacology

61
Q

drugs that induce calmness, promote sleep, and help lessen anxiety

A

sedatives

62
Q

offering encouragement, support, and hope to patients facing difficult life transitions and events

A

supportive psychotherapy

63
Q

psychoanalytic process in which the patient related to the therapist as through the therapist were a prominent childhood figure

A

transference

64
Q

drugs used to treat severe depression (characterized by a three-ringed fused molecular structure)

A

tricyclic antidepressants

Medical Terminology (39 decks)

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