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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 10 - Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is anorexia nervosa?

A

Food restriction leading to significantly low weight, intense fear of gaining weight

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2
Q

What are the 4 factors of anorexia?

A

Food restriction

Ritualistic eating behaviours

Excessive exercise

Purging behaviours

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3
Q

Individuals with anorexia are typically in the _________ weight range.

A

Underweight

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4
Q

What is bulimia nervosa?

A

Episodes of binge eating followed by period of food restriction with compensatory behaviours (ex. vomiting)

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5
Q

What is binge-eating disorder?

A

Recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviours, intense guilt and disgust

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6
Q

Individuals with bulimia nervosa are typically in the __________ weight range

A

Normal

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of binge eating?

A

Objective and subjective

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8
Q

What is the difference between objective and subjective binge eating?

A

Objective: eating unusually large amount of food

Subjective: eating small/normal amount of food but perceiving as large

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9
Q

In bulimia nervosa, objective binge eating is followed by…

A

Compensatory behaviours

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10
Q

Bulimia nervosa is often _________ in nature, making it hard to detect.

A

Secretive

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11
Q

What are the steps that lead to binge eating?

A

Forbidden food – pattern of avoidance – binge and purge

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12
Q

Binge eating occurs in an attempt to…

A

Escape high levels of aversive self-awareness

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13
Q

What are the alternating periods of binge-eating disorder?

A

Dieting and overeating

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14
Q

Individuals with binge-eating disorder are typically in the __________ weight range.

A

Overweight or obese

**Some normal

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15
Q

Eating disorders have the highest _____________ of all psychiatric disorders

A

Mortality rates

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16
Q

What is the mortality rate of anorexia?

A

3.6-7.6%

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17
Q

What is the mortality rate of bulimia?

A

1.1-2.4%

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18
Q

What is the mortality rate for other eating disorders?

A

1.5-5.8%

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of death from eating disorders?

A

Starvation/nutritional complications and suicide

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20
Q

Relapse rates are high for…

A

Anorexia and bulimia

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21
Q

What are the 2 types of anorexia?

A

Restricting and binge-eating/purging

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22
Q

To diagnose bulimia, episodes of binge eating and compensatory behaviours occur at least _____ time(s) per _____ for _______.

A

1; week; 3 months

23
Q

What are the 5 features associated with binge-eating episodes?

A

Rapid

Uncomfortably full

Large amounts

Alone, embarrassment

Feelings disgusted, guilty afterwards

24
Q

To diagnose binge eating, episodes occur at least ______ time(s) per _______ for _______.

A

1; week; 3 months

25
What is considered "unspecified" eating disorders?
Clinically severe eating disorders that do not meet criteria for anorexia, bulimia, or BED
26
What is purging disorder?
Use of compensatory behaviours in absence of binge eating by those in normal weight range
27
What is night-eating syndrome?
Repeated nocturnal eating causing significant distress
28
What are the 3 differential diagnoses of eating disorders?
Rule out other symptom-causing symptoms Rule out MDD Cannot have more than one eating disorder
29
What are the physical complications of anorexia?
Lanugo Amenorrhea Impaired renal and cardiac functioning
30
What is lanugo?
Fine, soft hair
31
What is amenorrhea?
Absence of 3 consecutive menstrual periods
32
What are the 4 physical complications of bulimia and binge-eating subtype?
Dental problems Russel's sign Electrolyte imbalance Problems with cardiovascular and renal functioning
33
What are Russell's signs?
Scrapes, callouses on backs of hands or knuckles
34
What are the 3 physical complications of BED?
Elevated risk of type II diabetes Cardiovascular disease Sleep apnea
35
What are the 5 psychological complications of eating disorders?
Reduced quality of life Poor social relationships Difficulties concentrating Increase in irritability Comorbid substance abuse
36
Relatives with eating disorders make an individual ________ more susceptible to anorexia.
4.5x
37
Anorexia is associated with reduced ________.
Serotonin activity
38
How do sociocultural factors affect eating disorders?
Societal expectations
39
It is ideal for women to __________ and ideal for men to ___________.
Get thinner; more muscular
40
What are 3 family factors contributing to eating disorders?
Parental attitudes/expectations Genetic inheritance Modelling
41
What personality traits contribute to BOTH anorexia and bulimia?
Perfectionism, obsessiveness, avoidance, neuroticism, negative emotionality
42
What personality traits contribute to anorexia?
Constraint, preservation, rigidity, low levels of novelty seeking
43
What personality traits contribute to bulimia?
Impulsivity, novelty/sensation seeking, overlaps with borderline personality disorder
44
What are 3 individual risk factors for eating disorders?
Low self-esteem, depression, identity problems
45
Eating disorders most likely to appear around the time of __________.
Puberty
46
What adverse events contribute to eating disorders?
Trauma, sexual abuse, childhood maltreatment
47
Bulimia is developed and maintained due to an interaction of _____________.
Risk and maintenance factors
48
Antidepressants can be used to treat...
Bulimia
49
What are the 3 stages of CBT for bulimia?
Stage 1: establish regular pattern of eating Stage 2: normalize eating, eliminate dieting Stage 3: strategies for maintaining change and preventing relapse
50
What is transdiagnostic theory?
Anorexia, bulimia, and BED have similar underlying and maintaining processes
51
What does nutritional therapy and meal support offer?
Restoring body weight Reduce eating-related rituals Nutritional counselling
52
What is the Maudsley approach of family therapy?
Recruit parents to actively engage in managing patient's weight gain and eating Family therapy results > individual therapy
53
What are preventions of eating disorders?
Healthy schools, healthy kids Disseminate information on EDs CBT to reduce self/body dissatisfaction

Abnormal Psychology (19 decks)

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