Chapter 10 Flashcards
Having identical alleles of a gene on both homologous chromosomes (homo means the same)
Homozygous
Having different alleles of a gene (hetero means different)
Heterozygous
The set of alleles carried by an individual
Genotype
An individuals observable traits
Phenotype
A allele is (blank) when its effect makes that of a
Dominant allele
That of a (blank) allele paired with it
Recessive allele
Shows all possible ways alleles can be brought together in fertilization
Punnett square
A cross between individuals that are identically heterozygous for alleles of one gene (Pp, for example); mono- = one, hybrid = mixture (of different alleles, i.e., heterozygous)
Monohybrid cross
A cross between two individuals that are heterozygous for alleles of two genes; di= two
Dihybrid cross
Condition in which one allele is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate blend between the two homozygous phenotypes
Incomplete dominance
Inheritance pattern in which two alleles are fully expressed in heterozygotes
Codominance
A single gene’s product affect all the traits
Pleiotropy
Pattern of inheritance
Polygenic inheritance in which multiple genes affect one trait
A range of small differences in forms of a trait
Continuous variation
Typically results from graphing frequency versus distribution for a trait that varies continuously
Bell curve
