Chapter 1: The Scientific Method Flashcards

1
Q

One of two prokaryotic domains; the other being Archaea

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

Scientific study of life

A

Biology

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3
Q

Consists of all life and earth and all places where life exists

A

Biosphere

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4
Q

Life’s fundamental unit of life and structure that can preform all activities of life

A

Cell

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5
Q

Array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem

A

Community

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6
Q

Set of subjects that lack the specific factor being tested

A

Control Group

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7
Q

Organism that feeds on producers, other consumers, or nonliving organic material

A

Consumer

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8
Q

An experiment designed to compare an experimental group with a control group

A

Controlled Experiment

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9
Q

Recorded observations

A

Data

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10
Q

A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise

A

Deductive Reasoning

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11
Q

Nucleic acid model, double stranded helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases (ACGT)

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

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12
Q

A factor whose value is measured during an experiment or other test to see whether it is influenced by changes in another factor

A

Dependent Variable

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13
Q

New properties that arise each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases

A

Emergent Properties

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13
Q

Consists of all living things in a particular area, along with all non-living components of the environment with which life interacts

A

Ecosystem

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14
Q

Type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles

A

Eukaryotic Cell

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15
Q

Process by which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments overtime; change in genetic composition of a population from generation to generation

16
Q

A scientific test

A

Experiment

17
Q

Set of subjects that has the specific factor being tested in a controlled experiment

A

Experimental Group

18
Q

The regulation of a process by its output or end product

A

Feedback Regulation

19
Q

Discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA

20
Q

Process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs

A

Gene Expression

21
Q

Testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. Narrow scope than a theory.

A

Hypothesis

22
Q

A factor whose value is manipulated or changed during an experiment to reveal possible effects on another factor

A

Independent Variable

23
Q

A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations

A

Inductive Reasoning

24
The search for information and explanation, often focusing on specific questions
Inquiry
25
Chemical structure consisting of two or more atoms
Molecule
26
Process in which individuals that have inherited certain traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals
Natural Selection
27
Various functional components present in cells
Organelle
28
Individual livings things
Organism
29
Consists of all individuals of a species living within the bounds of a specified area
Population
30
An organism that produces organic compounds from carbon dioxide by harnessing light energy or by oxidizing inorganic chemicals
Producer
31
An approach to understanding the natural world
Science
32
An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of the interactions among the system's partsr
Systems Biology
33
Application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose
Technology
34
An explanation that is broader than hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and supported by larger group of evidence
Theory
35
Group of cells that work together, performing a specialized function
Tissue
36
Any characteristic
Variable