Chapter 1

Question 1

Infancy PAR

Answer 1

Birth to 12 months

Question 2

Toddler PAR

Answer 2

12 m to 2 y

Question 3

Early Childhood PAR

Answer 3

2 y to 5 y

Question 4

School-aged PAR

Answer 4

6 y to 12 y

Question 5

What are the four themes that characterize occupational therapy practice with children and adolescents?

Answer 5

Individualized therapy services
Inclusive and integrated services
Cultural Competence.
Integrated services.

Question 6

Individualized therapy services

Answer 6

client-centered services, strength-based approaches, family-center services.

Question 7

Inclusive and integrated services

Answer 7

Natural environments, integrated service.

Question 8

What is the definition of child-centered occupational therapy, as defined by Law, Baptiste, and Mills?

Answer 8

Is an approach to service that embraces a philosophy or respect for and partnership with people receiving services?

Question 9

The strength-based model can lead to increased self-efficacy and self-determination. True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), services to preschool and school-aged children should be in

Answer 10

Least Restrictive Environment.

Question 11

According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), services to infants and toddlers should be in

Answer 11

Natural Environment.

Question 12

Research has shown that intervention strategies that occur in real-life settings produce greater developmental change than those that take place in more contrived, clinic-based settings.

Ture or False

Answer 12

True

Question 13

According to the evidence, what two service delivery models offer the most flexibility for school¬-based services?

Answer 13

Block Scheduling – OT spends 2 to 3 hours in the early childhood classroom working with the children with special needs one on one and is mall groups while supporting the teacher staff. Allowing for OT to learn about the classroom, develop relationships with the teachers and understand the curriculum sot that the can design intervention that are easily integrated into the classroom
Co-teaching – model emphasizes preventive approaches in that children at risk for disabilities as well as children in individualized education programs receive OT services. OT and teacher plan and implement the sessions together. Successful in handwriting

Question 14

Which school-based service delivery model includes such benefits as embedding occupational therapy services in the classroom curriculum and daily integrated services for students with individualized education plans?

Answer 14

Co-teaching.

Question 15

According to Case-Smith, the best approach to an assessment is “top-down”, which means the evaluation process begins by gaining an understanding of the child’s level of participation in daily occupations and routines with the important people in their lives.

Answer 15

Ture

Question 16

In an ecological assessment of a child’s function during class, where is the assessment completed?

Answer 16

Home, school, and community environments.

Question 17

What evaluation component involves obtaining information about the child’s developmental and functional strengths and limitations through informal interviews and observation?

Answer 17

Occupational Profile

Question 18

What evaluation component utilizes standardized evaluations, structured observation, and focused questions to parents and caregivers?

Answer 18

Assessment of Performance

Question 19

What evaluation component analyzes underlying reasons for limitations in performance and behavior?

Answer 19

Analysis of Performance

Question 20

What evaluation component involves the assessment and observation of the environment?

Answer 20

Environmental/contextual assessment

Question 21

What is the primary occupation for children?

Answer 21

Play

Question 22

List the four elements of a “just-right” challenge:

Answer 22

1. Marches the child’s developmental skills and interests.
2. Provided a reasonable challenge to current performance level.
3. Engages and motivates the child;.
4. Can be mastered with the child’s focused effort.

Question 23

The only role of assistive technology is to compensate for missing or delayed function in children.

Answer 23

It is also used to promote development in targeted performance areas.

Question 24

When is a system change in education most accepted?

Answer 24

When the benefits appear high and the cost are low.

Question 25

Feedback may be more important for learning

Answer 25

A complex skill

Question 26

Which school-based service delivery model includes such benefits as embedding occupational therapy services in the classroom curriculum and daily integrated services for students with individualized education plans?

Answer 26

Co-teaching

Question 27

Research has shown that intervention strategies that occur in real-life settings produce greater developmental change than those that take place in more contrived, clinic-based settings.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the primary occupation for children?

Answer 28

Play

Question 29

Which situation best describes a client-centered approach to occupational therapy services?

Answer 29

Sam, a 15 year old male, was admitted to an inpatient treatment facility. The lead psychiatrist referred him to occupational therapy. An occupational therapist met with Sam to discuss his likes, dislikes, interests, and challenges. Sam identified that he wanted to play basketball, but struggled with anger on the court. After completing the Sensory Profile, the occupational therapist generated a list of potential anger management skills. Sam trialed each intervention, marking which interventions he preferred. Sam and the therapist created a sensory diet to be completed before, during, and after games to help support his anger management goal while playing basketball.

Question 30

In an ecological assessment of a child’s function during class, where is the assessment completed?

Answer 30

The classroom

Question 31

When is a system change in education most accepted?

Answer 31

High benefit, low cost

Question 32

A strength-based model:

Answer 32

Can increase parents’ engagement
Can increase physical affection toward the child
Can increase positive affect toward child
Can relieve parents’ stress
All of the above**

Question 33

Kristoff, a six year old boy, is fascinated with all things snow and ice. He was referred to occupational therapy with handwriting concerns; he is not yet able to write his name. Which intervention would be most motivational to encourage Kristoff to engage in and sustain attention during an occupational therapy session?

Answer 33

With his finger, drawing his name in the fake snow in the sensory bin

Question 34

List the four elements of a “just-right” challenge:

Answer 34

1. Marches the child’s developmental skills and interests.
2. Provided a reasonable challenge to current performance level.
3. Engages and motivates the child;.
4. Can be mastered with the child’s focused effort.

Question 35

If not inhibited, which reflex may cause on overflow of oral movement during fine motor activities?

Answer 35

Babkin

Question 36

If not inhibited, which reflex could case oral sensitivity later in childhood?

Answer 36

Rooting

Question 37

Which reaction is seen when an infant, in supine with head in midline, will turn its entire body in the direction it turns its head?

Answer 37

Neck on body righting reaction (NOB)

Question 38

Which reaction is seen when an infant, held vertical and tilted to the side, orients its head to a vertical position?

Answer 38

Optical righting reaction