Chapter 1 Flashcards
What does ‘pathos’ mean?
Suffering
What does ‘physis’ mean?
Nature
Define Pathophysiology.
The study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of living things
What is the purpose of studying Pathophysiology?
To understand physiologic responses to disruptions in internal or external environments
What are the four interrelated topics of Pathophysiology?
Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Treatment Implications
What is Etiology?
The study of causes or reasons for phenomena
What is a Risk Factor?
A factor that increases the likelihood of disease when present
What is an Idiopathic etiology?
A disease with an unknown cause
What is an Iatrogenic etiology?
A disease caused by unintended or unwanted medical treatment
List some etiologic classifications of disease.
Congenital, Degenerative, Immunologic, Infectious, Inherited, Metabolic, Neoplastic, Nutritional deficiency, Physical agent-induced, Psychogenic
What is Pathogenesis?
The development or evolution of a disease from initial stimulus to manifestations
What does Pathogenesis describe?
How etiologic factors alter function and lead to clinical manifestations
What is a Symptom?
A subjective feeling of abnormality in the body
What is a Sign?
An objective or observed manifestation of disease
What is a Syndrome?
A set of signs and symptoms not yet determined to delineate a disease
What is the Latent Period?
Time between exposure to an agent and first appearance of signs/symptoms
Can the latent period occur more than once?
Yes, it can occur again during the course of a disease
What is the Prodromal Period?
Time during which first signs/symptoms appear indicating onset of disease
What is the Acute Phase?
The disease/illness reaches its full intensity
What is an Acute Clinical Course?
Short-lived, may be severe
What is a Chronic Clinical Course?
May last months to years, sometimes following an acute course
Define Exacerbation.
Increase in severity, signs, or symptoms
Define Remission.
Decrease in severity, may indicate cure
How long must remission last before a person is considered cured?
Depends on the disease; typically prolonged period without recurrence
