ch 28 Flashcards
Kidney failure results in retention of?
Salt, water, urea, acids.
AKI also called?
Acute renal failure.
AKI disruptions?
Fluid, electrolytes, acid-base balance.
AKI leads to?
High creatinine, low GFR.
AKI reversibility?
Potentially reversible.
AKI develops over?
Hours to weeks.
AKI monitored by?
Serum creatinine, clearance.
Three AKI sites?
Perfusion, urine flow, kidney structure.
Prerenal injury cause?
Hypovolemia, hypotension, heart failure.
Prolonged prerenal injury leads to?
Acute tubular necrosis.
Postrenal injury cause?
Urine outflow obstruction.
Intrinsic injury cause?
Tubular, glomerular, vascular, interstitial damage.
Sustained intrinsic injury leads to?
End-stage renal disease.
AKI phases?
Prodromal, oliguric, postoliguric.
CKD cause?
Progressive nephron loss.
CKD final stage?
End-stage renal disease.
CKD definition?
GFR <60 or kidney damage >3 months.
CKD risk factors?
Diabetes, hypertension, toxins, age.
CKD progression?
Progressive GFR decline.
CKD early management?
Risk reduction, BP control.
Stage 4 CKD?
Prepare for dialysis/transplant.
CKD complications?
Hypertension, uremia, acidosis, electrolyte issues.
CKD treatment?
Slow progression, manage symptoms.
CKD nutrition?
High calorie, restrict potassium, phosphorus, protein.
