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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of structure and physical relationships

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how structures function in the human body

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3
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Atom, Chemical, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a stable internal environment

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5
Q

Intrinsic Homeostasis

A

An adjustment or response to an environmental change

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6
Q

Extrinsic Homeostasis

A

System outside of tissue makes an adjustment. Hormonal & Nerves

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7
Q

3 Components of a Homeostatic Mechanism

A
  1. Receptor: Senses environmental change
  2. Control Center: receives and processes information from the receptor.
    3.Effector: Gives a response that either opposes or enhances the stimulus
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8
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Negates or opposes the initial stimuli

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9
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Arms at side, Palms facing forward, and feet together

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10
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

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11
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

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12
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front or belly surface

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13
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back

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14
Q

Superior

A

Higher or above

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15
Q

Inferior

A

Lower or below

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16
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

17
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

18
Q

Proximal

A

Towards the origin of the structure

19
Q

Distal

A

Away from the origin of the structure

20
Q

Superficial

A

Near the surface

21
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

22
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Divides the body into upper and lower halves

23
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Divides the body into front and back halves

24
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into left and right halves

25
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Cranial & Spinal Cavity

26
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Holds brain

27
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Holds the spinal cord

28
Q

Ventral cavity

A

Pleural & pericardial cavities

29
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Holds the lungs

30
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Holds the heart

31
Q

Mediastinum

A

Divides the pericardial and Pleural cavities

32
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Holds the diaphragm, peritoneal cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity.

33
Q

Serous membranes

A

produce a thin lubricating liquid

34
Q

Visceral

A

Covers organs

35
Q

Parietal

A

Lines cavity walls

36
Q

Pleural Membranes

A

Lungs, visceral pleura, and parietal pleura

37
Q

Pericardium

A

Heart; visceral and parietal

38
Q

Peritoneum

A

Abdomen; visceral and parietal

Anatomy & Physiology (13 decks)

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