Chapter 1, 1.1-1.4

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of behavior (outward actions and reactions) and mental processes (inward activity)

Question 2

Objective Introspection

Answer 2

the process of objectively examining and measuring one’s own thoughts and mental activities. Created in the lab of Wundt in 1879.

Question 3

Structuralism

Answer 3

idea that every experience can be broken down into it’s individual emotions and sensations. Created by Titchener.

Question 4

Functionalism

Answer 4

focus on how the mind allows people to function in the real world. Created by James.

Question 5

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 5

studying sensation and perception in a holistic view. (learning, processing, problem solving). Created by Wertheimer.

Question 6

Freudian Psychoanalysis

Answer 6

idea that there is an unconscious mind into which we repress all of our threatening urges and desires. Created by Freud

Question 7

Behaviorism

Answer 7

Focus on observable behavior - based off of Pavlov’s dogs. Created by Watson (also the creator of the Little Albert Rat experiment).

Question 8

Psychodynamic Perspective

Answer 8

Focus remains on unconscious mind, but more of an emphasis on a development of sense of self, social, and interpersonal relationships as well as motivations for person’s behavior.

Question 9

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 9

view that people have free will, and strive for self-actualization. Supported by Mazlow and Rogers

Question 10

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 10

Focus on how memory, intelligence, perception, thought-processes, problem solving, language, and learning

Question 11

Cognitive Neuroscience

Answer 11

study of the physical working systems of the brain and nervous system when engaged in memory, thinking, and other cognitive processes

Question 12

Sociocultural Perspective

Answer 12

combination of social and cultural psych, in their relation that they both about the effect that people have on each other (large group or cultural)

Question 13

Biopsychological Perspective

Answer 13

behavior is seen as a direct result of events in the body.

Question 14

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 14

focuses on the biological bases for universal mental characteristics

Question 15

Psychologist

Answer 15

doctorate degree, can do both medicine and research

Question 16

Psychiatrist

Answer 16

Has a medical degree, physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders

Question 17

Psychiatric Social Worker

Answer 17

trained in the area of social work with a master’s degree. Focus more on environmental factors (poverty, stressors,…)

Question 18

Basic Research

Answer 18

research for the sake of gaining scientific knowledge

Question 19

Applied Research

Answer 19

Research focused on answering real-world, practical problems.