5.1-5.3: Classical Conditioning Flashcards
Learning
any relatively permanent change in behavior brought by experience or practice
Maturation
changes due to biology not experience
Reflex
an unlearned, involuntary response
Stimulation
any object, event, or experience, that causes a respons
Response
an Organism’s reaction to stimulus
Classical Conditioning (founder and definition)
Pavlov, learning to provoke an involuntary reflex-like response to a stimulus other than the naturally-paired stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus
the naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary and unlearned response
Unconditioned Response
the involuntary and Unconditioned Response to the naturally occurring stimulus
Neutral Stimulus
a stimulus that doesn’t elicit a response prior to conditioning
Conditioned Stimulus
a previously Neutral Stimulus that is able to produce a Conditioned Response after being paired with an Unconditional Stimulus
Conditioned Response
a learned Response to a Conditioned Stimulus
Acquisition
the repeated pairing of a Neutral Stimulus and an Unconditioned Stimulus
Stimulus Generalization
the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original Conditioned Stimulus with the Conditioned Response
Stimulus Discrimination
tendency to stop making a Generalized Response to a similar Stimulus to the Conditioned Stimulus because it was never fully paired with the Unconditioned Stimulus
Extinction
the disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the Unconditioned Stimulus (Classical Conditioning) or Reinforcer (Operant Conditioning)
Spontaneous Recovery
the CR briefly returns when the CS is presented after a long break, but it is usually weaker and short-lived
Higher-Order Conditioning
a strong CS is paired with a new NS, causing the NS to become a new, second CS
Stimulus Substitution
through CS association with an UCS, over time they activate the same place in the brain
Expectancy
a type of association that alerts a subject that a stimulus is coming
Cognitive Perspective (founder and def)
Rescorla, conditioning occurs because the CS provides an expectancy about the coming of the UCS
Conditioned Emotional Response
emotional response that has been Classically Conditioned to occur after a learned Stimuli
Vicarious Conditioning
Classical Conditioning of an involuntary response or emotion by watching the response of someone else
Conditioned Taste Aversion
development of a nauseated/aversive Response to a taste that has been followed by a nauseated response more than one time
