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Anatomy and Physiology 203 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Back (Dorsal) Area

A

Scapular, Vertebral, Lumbar, Sacral, Glute, and Perenial Regions.

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2
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Heart and Blood Vessels

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3
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin, hair and nails

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4
Q

Thoracic Cavity (Continents)

A
  • 2 Pleural Cavities for the lungs

- Mediastinum which contains the Pericardial Cavity

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5
Q

Types of Microscopic anatomy

A

1) Cytology) Study of cells and cellular stages

2) Histology) study of Tissues

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6
Q

Nervous system

A

Brain, spinal chord and nerves

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7
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Splits body into anterior and posterior parts

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8
Q

Superior

A

(Cranial)
Toward the head
(Superman)

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9
Q

Sagital Plane

A

Cuts body into left and right parts
Midsagittal) on midline
ParaSagittal) not on midline

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10
Q

Survival Needs

A

1) Nutrients (Food) for energy/cell building
2) Oxygen) for energy release (ATP production)
3) Water) Environment for chemical reactions/ fluid base
4) Normal body temperature) 37C (98.6) Affect chemical reaction rate
5) Appropriate Atmospheric pressure) Adequate gas exchange

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11
Q

Components of a Control Mechanism

A

1) Receptor {Sensor} ) Monitors environment/ Respond to stimuli
(Travels on affluent pathway)
2) Control Center) Receives input and determines response
(Travels on Effluent pathway)
3) Effector) Receives response and determines means to respons

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12
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

-Abdominal cavity and Pelvic cavity.

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13
Q

Visceral Serosa

A

-Membrane that covers internal organs.

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14
Q

Homeostasis

A
  • Maintenance of stable internal environment

- Done through continuous monitoring of variables and communication via control mechanisms

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15
Q

Thoracic Area

A

Sternal, Auxiliary, and Mammary.

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16
Q

Lower Limb

A

Coxal (hip), femoral, Patellar, Crueal, And fibular area. Popliteal and Sural regions on back of leg

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17
Q

Manus Area

A

Palmar, Digits, and Pollux Region. Metacarpal on back of hand.

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18
Q

Respiratory System

A

Trachea and Larynx. Lungs and Bronchi

2 and 2

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19
Q

The Two major body regions

A

1) Axial (Head, Neck, and Trunk)

2) Appendicular) Limbs.

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20
Q

Upper Limb Area

A

Acromial, Brachial (Arm), Antecubital, Antebrachial, and Carpal Area. We have the OleCranal region on the elbow.

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21
Q

Endocrine System

A

Pituitary gland, pineal gland (PP on da brain) Thyroid and Thymus (TT in da throat), adrenal glands, pancreas, and the gonads (APG everything else).

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22
Q

Types of Gross anatomy

A

1) Regional) All structures in a specific region
2) Systematic) looking at specific systems
3) Surface) looking at structures as they appear under the skin

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23
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Penis and testis

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24
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body

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25
Q

Muscular System

A

Muscles and Tendons

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26
Q

Ventral Body Cavity

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities.

27
Q

Deep

A

(Internal)

Further From the Body’s surface.

28
Q

Types of Anatomy

A

1) Gross (Macroscopic)
2) Microscopic
3) Developmental

29
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to an origin point on the body

Ex) the elbow is proximal to the wrist

30
Q

Body Cavities Exposed to the Environment

A
  • Oral/Digestive cavities (GI Tract)
  • Orbital Cavity
  • Nasal Cavity
  • Middle Ear Cavity
31
Q

Dorsal Body Cavity

A

Cranial Cavity and the Vertbracial Cavity

32
Q

Cervical Region

A

Cervical Vertebrae area.

33
Q

Posterior

A

(Dorsal)
To the back of the Body
(Dorsal Fin)

34
Q

Serous Membrane/Serosa

A

Double-layered membrane found in body cavities

35
Q

Positive Feedback Loop

A

-Response to stimulus. Response will enhance or exaggerate original stimulus.
EX) Contractions in childbirth causing more contractions.

36
Q

Body Cavities not Exposed to the environment

A

-Synovial (Joint) cavities

37
Q

Medial

A

Toward the Midline of the body

38
Q

Intermediate

A

Between a more Medial and Lateral point.

39
Q

Necessary Life Functions

A

1) Maintaining boundaries) using membranes/skin
2) Movement) voluntary and involuntary
3) Responsiveness) to stimuli
4) Digestion)
5) Metabolism) Catabolic and Anabolic reactions
6) Excretion) of waste and CO2 (O2 for plants)
7) Reproduction) of cells/offspring
8) Growth.

40
Q

Pedal Area

A

Tarsal, Metatarsal, Digits, and Hallux on the front. Calcaneal and Plantar area on the back.

41
Q

Body Planes and Sections

A

Flat surface along which a body structure can be cut for anatomical study. Sections are cuts across the body plane.

42
Q

Digestive System

A

Esophagus, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Galbladder, Pancreas.

43
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Thymus, Thoracic Duct, Lymph nodes, Lymph vessels, Bone Marrow, and Spleen

44
Q

Levels of organization (Of life)

A

1) Chemical
2) Cellular
3) Tissue
4) Organ
5) Organ System
6) Organismal

45
Q

Distal

A

Further From an origin point on the body

Ex) the knee is distal to the thigh

46
Q

Female Reproductive System

A

Mammary glands, ovaries, uterus, vagina.

47
Q

Anatomical Position

A
  • Body Erect
  • Feet slightly apart
  • Arms at side with palms facing forward.
48
Q

Transverse Region

A

Splits body into superior and inferior parts.

49
Q

Pelvic Area

A

Ingruenal (Groin)

50
Q

Cephalic Region

A

Frontal, Optical, Nasal, Buccal (Cheek), Oral, and Mental (Chin) region. Otic and Occipital regions on the back

51
Q

Parietal Serosa

A

-Membrane that lines internal body cavities

52
Q

Abdominal Area

A

Umbilical Cord

53
Q

Urinary system

A

Liver, Urinary bladder, and Urethra

54
Q

Superficial

A

(External)

Closer to the body’s surface

55
Q

Anterior

A

(Ventral)

Toward the Front of the bodu

56
Q

Inferior

A

(Caudal)
Away from the head toward the feet
(Inferno)

57
Q

Skeletal system

A

Contains bones, muscles, and ligaments

58
Q

Pubic Region.

A

Genitals

59
Q

Negative Feedback Loop

A

-Response to stimulus. This type of response will reduce/ shut off original stimulus
-Variable will change in opposite direction
EX) Body is cold so a person will shiver until the body is warm enough

60
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

-Contains Brain

61
Q

Vertebral Cavity

A

Contains Spinal chord

62
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

contains digestive organs

63
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Urinary Bladder, Reproductive organs, kidneys and rectum

Anatomy and Physiology 203 (43 decks)

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