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Emergency care 13th edition > Chap 6 > Flashcards

Chap 6 Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

systolic blood pressure

A

pressure created from the heart pump

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2
Q

ureters

A

tubes connecting the kidney to the bladder

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3
Q

Female reproductive system

A

Ovaries/ fallopian tubes(oviducts)/ uterus/ vagina/ vulva/ breasts

Produces eggs for the reproduction and provides place and nutrients for growing baby

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4
Q

hypoperfusion

A

inadequate respiration

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5
Q

Sternum

A

breastbone

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6
Q

insulin

A

hormone produced by the pancreas or taken by diabetics. Transports glucose into cells

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7
Q

ilium

A

superior and widest portion of the pelvis

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8
Q

metatarsals

A

foot bones

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9
Q

chemical messengers

A

neurotransmitters

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10
Q

Prostate gland

A

Secretes fluid for sperm

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11
Q

Carries cardiac electrical current

A

Atrioventricular bundle (Bundle of His)

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12
Q

different nervous systems

A 
CNS- central nervous system
        Spine 
        Brain
PNS- peripheral nervous system
        Sensory
        Motor
ANS- autonomic nervous system
        Sympathetic- fight or flight
        parasympathetic- feed or breed
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13
Q

Thorax, ribs, upper back division of spine and # of vertebrae

A

Thoracic/ 12

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14
Q

Physiology

A

study of the body function

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15
Q

automaticity

A

ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own to contract the heart

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16
Q

acromion process

A

highest portion of the shoulder

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17
Q

mandible

A

lower jaw bone

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18
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A
  • Bone/joints/muscle

- Skeleton supports and protects the body, forms blood cells, and store minerals. Muscle produces movement

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19
Q

perfusion

A

successful respiration

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20
Q

Tailbone division of spine and # of vertebrae

A

Coccyx/ 4

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21
Q

orbits

A

bony structure around the eyes, eye socket

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22
Q

pharynx

A

area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. Its made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx

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23
Q

nasopharynx

A

area directly posterior to the nose

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24
Q

lateral/ medial malleolus

A

protrusion on the side of the ankle

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25
Q

tibia

A

the medial and larger bone of the lower leg

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26
Q

Front of skull bone

A

Frontal bone

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27
Q

diastolic blood pressure

A

pressure left after heart pump and right atrium is refilling

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28
Q

testes

A

male organ that produces sperm

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29
Q

posterior tibial artery

A

artery supplying the foot behind the medial ankle

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30
Q

pubis

A

medial anterior portion of the pelvis

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31
Q

pulmonary vein

A

vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

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32
Q

what problem arise from broken clavicles

A

breathing problems since clavicle is right above lungs

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33
Q

skeleton

A

bones of the body

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34
Q

peripheral pulse

A

radial, brachial, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis pulse

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35
Q

Fallopian tube

A

Transports ovum (egg) to the uterus

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36
Q

Primary cardiac node

A

Sinoatrial node

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37
Q

diaphragm

A

structure that divides the abdominal cavity and the chest cavity

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38
Q

temple bone

A

sphenoid bone

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39
Q

Seminal vesicles

A

Secretes fluid for sperm

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40
Q

joint

A

point where 2 bones come together

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41
Q

muscle

A

tissue that contract to allow movement of the body

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42
Q

xiphoid process

A

inferior portion of sternum

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43
Q

renal system definition

A

system that regulates fluid balance and filtration of the blood

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44
Q

acetabulum

A

pelvic socket which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint

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45
Q

tendon

A

tissue that connects muscle to the bone

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46
Q

Vagina

A

Receives semen and birth canal

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47
Q

humerus

A

bone of the upper arm

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48
Q

maxillae

A

two fused bones forming the upper jaw

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49
Q

nasal bones

A

nose bone

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50
Q

arteriole

A

smallest kind of artery before the capillaries

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51
Q

cardiovascular system definition

A

system made up of the heart (cardio) and the blood vessels (vascular); the circulatory

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52
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

tips of electrical fibers in heart

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53
Q

larynx

A

voice box

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54
Q

venule

A

smallest kind of vein after the capillaries

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55
Q

white blood cells

A

-5 different types
-leukocytes or white corpuscles
-created in the lymphatic system
involved in destroying microorganisms (germs) and producing antibodies which helps the body resist infections

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56
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade

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57
Q

radius

A

lateral bone of the forearm

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58
Q

fibula

A

the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

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59
Q

Renal/ Urinary system

A

kidneys/ ureters/ urinary bladder/ urethra

Filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body

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60
Q

pelvis

A

supports spine and proximal attachment for the lower extremities

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61
Q

shock

A

happens when one of the “triangle of life” isn’t working

Pump-Pipe-Blood

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62
Q

epiglottis

A

leaf shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea

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63
Q

femoral artery

A

artery carrying blood to the lower extremities

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64
Q

Back top of skull bone

A

parietal bone

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65
Q

manubrium

A

superior portion of sternum

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66
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body that transports blood from the left ventricle to begin the systemic circulation

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67
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

the ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx

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68
Q

Blood system

A

-Plasma/ Red blood cells/ White blood cells/ Platelets

Transports oxygen, protects against pathogens and promotes clotting to control bleeding

69
Q

acetabulum

A

the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits into the hip joint

70
Q

alveoli

A

microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the blood stream

71
Q

Endocrine System

A
  • Pituitary gland-
  • pineal gland
  • thyroid gland/ parathyroid glands
  • thymus gland
  • adrenal glands
  • pancreas
  • testes
  • ovaries

Regulates metabolic/ hormonal activities of the body

72
Q

tarsals

A

ankle bones

73
Q

3 layers of skin

A

1-Epidermis
2-Dermis
3-Subcutaneous

74
Q

central pulse

A

carotid and femoral

75
Q

Epididymis

A

Stores sperm

76
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

specialized involuntary muscle in the heart

77
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bone

78
Q

Thyroid/ parathyroid gland

A

Regulates metabolic rate and regulates blood calcium levels

79
Q

epinephrine

A

hormone produced by the body. dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve severe allergic reactions. known as “adrenaline” and comes from the adrenal gland

80
Q

femur

A

large bone of the thigh

81
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

joint where the acromion and clavicle meet

82
Q

ventilation

A

process of moving gases between inhale air and the pulmonary circulation of blood

83
Q

pulmonary arteries

A

artery carrying deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

84
Q

atrioventricular node

A

secondary pacemaker in heart

85
Q

Two types of joints

A
  • ball and joint

- hinge

86
Q

Thorax

A

Chest

87
Q

Cranium

A

top, back and sides of skull

88
Q

Vas deferens

A

Transports sperm to the urethra

89
Q

urethra

A

tubes connecting the bladder to the vagina or penis

90
Q

spleen

A
  • blood filtration system, filters out older blood cells

- acts as a reverse blood bank

91
Q

Breast

A

Produces milk

92
Q

ovaries

A

holds eggs

93
Q

Neck division of spine and # of vertebrae

A

Cervical/ 7

94
Q

Lower back division of spine and # of vertebrae

A

Lumber/ 5

95
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Testes/ epididymis/ vas deferens/ penis/ seminal vesicles/ prostate gland

Produces sperm for reproduction

96
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

-Heart/ Arteries/ Veins

Pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen and wastes

97
Q

Anatomy

A

study of the body structure

98
Q

Musculoskeletal system definition

A

system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement

99
Q

Secondary cardiac node

A

Atrioventricular node

100
Q

phalanges

A

toes and finger bones

101
Q

kidneys

A

filters blood and regulates fluid levels

102
Q

ischium

A

the lower, posterior of the pelvis

103
Q

pancreas

A
  • produces hormone insulin which regulates the sugar in bloodstream
  • secretes juices that break down proteins, carbs and fats
104
Q

side of skull bone

A

temporal bone

105
Q

platelets

A

specialized cells for clotting

106
Q

artery

A

blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

107
Q

carpals

A

wrist bones

108
Q

trachea

A

“windpipe” connects pharynx to lungs

109
Q

Skull

A

structure of head

110
Q

pineal gland

A

Regulates circadian rhythm

111
Q

Involuntary muscle

A

muscles that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled (smooth muscle)

112
Q

back wall of pelvis division of spine and # of vertebrae

A

Sacral/ 5

113
Q

vertebrae

A

33 bones of the spinal cord

114
Q

zygomatic arches

A

bones that form the structure of the cheeks

115
Q

atria

A

the two upper chambers of the heart
right atrium- receives unoxygenated blood
left atrium- oxygenated blood from the lungs

116
Q

Testes

A

Produces sperm and secretes testosterone

117
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart. forks off of the aorta

118
Q

large intestines

A

absorbs water and moves waste to colon and excretes as feces

119
Q

Respiratory system

A

-Nasal cavity/ pharynx/ Larynx/ Thachea/ Bronchial tubes/ Lungs

Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body

120
Q

plasma

A

fluid portion of the blood

121
Q

vagina

A

opening of female reproductive system

122
Q

clavicle

A

collar bone

123
Q

venae cavae

A

the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. Theses two major veins return blood from the body to the right atrium. Singular vena cava

124
Q

ligament

A

tissue that connects bone to bone

125
Q

what not to do to women with a mastectomy

A

take blood pressure reading on side of mastectomy

126
Q

ulna

A

medial bone of the forearm

127
Q

red blood cells

A
  • created in bone marrow
  • erythrocytes or red corpuscles
  • carries oxygen to the body and CO2 back to the heart
128
Q

bronchi

A

two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs

129
Q

uvula

A

object hanging at back of throat

130
Q

patella

A

knee cap

131
Q

Nervous system

A

-Brain/ spinal cord/ nerves

Receives sensory information and coordinates the body’s response

132
Q

dorsalis pedis artery

A

artery on top of the foot, also known as checking the pedil pulse

133
Q

Voluntary muscle

A

muscle that can be consciously controlled (skeletal muscle)

134
Q

Pancreas

A

Regulates blood sugar levels by releasing insulin

135
Q

sinoatrial node

A

primary pacemaker in heart

136
Q

Adrenal glands

A

Regulates water and electrolyte levels

-Releases adrenaline (epinephrine)

137
Q

ventricles

A

two lower chambers of the heart

Right ventricle- sends unoxygenated blood to the lungs
Left ventricle- send oxygenated blood to the body

138
Q

integumentary system

A
  • skin/ hair/ nails/ sweat glands
  • Protection
  • water balance
  • temperature regulation
  • excretion
  • shock absorption
139
Q

gallbladder

A

serves as storage system for bile from liver

140
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Regulates many other endocrine glands

141
Q

liver

A

largest organ which produces bile to assist in breakdown of fats and assists in the metabolism of various substances

142
Q

back bottom of skull bone

A

occipital bone

143
Q

Uterus

A

Site of development of fetus

144
Q

lungs

A

organ that exchanges of oxygen to carbon dioxide

145
Q

lymphoid organs

A 
Adenoids- behind the uvula in throat
tonsils
spleen- cleans red blood cells and blood reservoir
thymus- Development of immune system
Lymph nodes- filters fluid
146
Q

lymphatic system

A
  • captures fluid (lymph) and return it to the blood stream

- maintain balance of fluid within the body

147
Q

bladder

A

sac like organ that holds urine

148
Q

small intestine

A

absorbs nutrients

-broken into 3 parts duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

149
Q

What’s one thing adrenaline (epinephrine) do for allergic reactions?

A

relaxation of smooth muscles in airways

150
Q

respiratory system

A

the system of nose. mouth. throat, lungs and muscles the brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide. Also called the pulmonary system

151
Q

oropharynx

A

the area directly posterior to the mouth

152
Q

uterus

A

holds baby

153
Q

Ovaries

A

Regulates female reproductive system

154
Q

Fibers in heart that carry electrical currents

A

Purkinje fibers

155
Q

stomach

A

acidic gastric juices break down food

156
Q

Ovary

A

Produces ova and secretes estrogen and progesterone

157
Q

popliteal pulse

A

posterior medial to of knee

158
Q

capillary

A

single cell walled vessel that has gas exchange

159
Q

respiration (cellular)

A

process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells

160
Q

atrioventricular bundle

A

carries electrical current in heart

161
Q

cardiac conduction system

A

network of cardiac muscle that conduct electrical pulse that stimulate the heart to beat

162
Q

Coronary artery system

A

The hearts dedicated blood supply

163
Q

Digestive system

A

Oral cavity/ Pharynx/ Esophagus/ stomach/ small intestines/ large intestines(colon)/ liver/ gall bladder/ pancreas

Ingests, digests and absorbs nutrients for the body

164
Q

carotid arteries

A

large neck arteries carry blood to the head

165
Q

pubis

A

the medial anterior portion of the pelvis

166
Q

Vulva

A

Protects vaginal orifice and urinary meatus

167
Q

Thymus gland

A

Development of immune system

168
Q

metacarpals

A

hand bones

169
Q

brachial artery

A

artery of the upper arm (pulse check during infant CPR)

Emergency care 13th edition (32 decks)

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