Chap 20 Flashcards
Allergic reaction
An exaggerated immune response
Anaphylaxis
A severe or life threatening allergic reaction in which blood vessels dilate, causing a drop in blood pressure, and the tissues lining the respiratory system swell
Hives
Red, itchy, possibly raised blotches on skin that often result from allergic reaction
Causes of allergic reactions
Insect Foods Plants Medication Others- dust, chemical, soaps, makeup,
Two common groups of latex allergies
- People that get surgeries a lot
2. Health care professionals that wear latex gloves a lot
Skin signs of allergic reaction
Itching Hives Flushing Swelling of face Warm, tingling feeling in face, mouth, chest,feet, and hands
Respiratory signs of allergic reaction
Tightness in throat or chest Cough Rapid breathing Labored, noisy breathing Hoarseness, muffled voice, loss of voice Stridor Wheezing
Cardiac signs of allergic reaction
Increased heart rate
Decreased blood pressure
Signs and symptoms of shock
Altered mental status
Flushed, dry skin or diaphoretic
Nausea or vomiting
Increased pulse, increased respirations, decreased blood pressure
Allergic reaction history
History of allergies What the patient was exposed to How the patient was exposed What signs and symptoms the patient is having Progression Interventions
Oxygen to allergic reaction vs anaphylaxis shock
Mild reaction requires no oxygen
Anaphylaxis requires high concentration oxygen
Steps of administration of epinephrine
5 R’s
Record administration 5’s
Reassess after 2 min
Treat for shock if need to
Epinephrine
Hormone that constricts blood vessels, make vessels less permeable and dilates respiratory passages
Generic- epinephrine
Trade- adrenalin
Brands- Epi pen, Epi pen Jr., twin ject, Auvi-Q
Dosage- adult 0.3mg, Child(66lbs or less) 0.15mg
-Second dose requires medical direction
Side effects
-increased heart rate, pallor, dizziness, chest pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, excitability, anxiety
Epinephrine delivery indications
Respiratory distress or signs and symptoms of shock
