chap 5- biochemical pathways

Question 1

what are the requirements of photosynthesis

Answer 1

light energy
chlorophyll
carbon dioxide
water

Question 2

why are plants green

Answer 2

chlorophylls absorb blue and red wavelengths and reflect green wavelengths

Question 3

worded equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen

Question 4

chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 4

6CO2 + 12H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

Question 5

how is glucose used by plants

Answer 5

used an immediate source of energy OR stored by the plant as starch OR used as a chemical starting point for the synthesis of complex compounds, such as proteins

Question 6

how is the product of photosynthesis, oxygen, used

Answer 6

may be used in cellular respiration or be released into the atmosphere as a waste product

Question 7

where does the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occur

Answer 7

thylakoid membrane in the grana

Question 8

inputs of light dependent stage of photosynthesis

Answer 8

sunlight, 12H2O, 18Pi, 18ADP, 12NADP+

Question 9

outputs of light dependent stage of photosynthesis

Answer 9

6O2, 18ATP, 12NADPH

Question 10

what happens during the light dependent stage of photosynthesis

Answer 10

light energy is absorbed, makes chlorophyll excited and it loses an electron. water is split

Question 11

where does calvin cycle occur

Answer 11

stroma

Question 12

inputs of calvin cycle

Answer 12

6CO2, 18ATP, 12NADPH

Question 13

outputs of calvin cycle

Answer 13

Glucose, 18ADP, 18Pi, 12NADP+

Question 14

what happens during the calvin cycle

Answer 14

carbon fixation (catalysed by RuBisCO). where glucose is built from carbon dioxide.

Question 15

purpose of cellular respiration

Answer 15

to transfer chemical energy of glucose into the energy of ATP which can be used by cells.

Question 16

how many overall ATP are made in aerobic respiration

Answer 16

30-32

Question 17

where does glycolysis occur

Answer 17

in cytosol

Question 18

what happens in anaerobic respiration

Answer 18

glycolysis

Question 19

stages of aerobic respiration

Answer 19

glycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain

Question 20

does glycolysis require oxygen

Answer 20

no

Question 21

inputs of glycolysis

Answer 21

glucose

Question 22

outputs of glycolysis

Answer 22

2 pyruvate, 2 loaded NADH molecules, 2 ATP molecules

Question 23

what is made in anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 23

lactic acid + 2ATP

Question 24

what is made in anaerobic respiration in plants

Answer 24

ethanol + CO2 + 2ATP

Question 25

what factors effect rate of cellular respiration

Answer 25

temp, oxygen concentration, glucose availability

Question 26

where does krebs cycle occur

Answer 26

matrix

Question 27

where does ETC occur

Answer 27

cristae

Question 28

does krebs cycle require oxygen

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

does ETC require oxygen

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

inputs of krebs cycle

Answer 30

2 pyruvate

Question 31

output of krebs cycle

Answer 31

6CO2, 2ATP, 8NADH, 2FADH2.

Question 32

what occurs in krebs cycle

Answer 32

2 pyruvate diffuse into mitochondria across outer membrane (uses 2 ATP from glycolysis)

Question 33

inputs of ETC

Answer 33

6O2, 8NADH, 2FADH2

Question 34

outputs of ETC

Answer 34

6H2O, 26-28 ATP

Question 35

what occurs in ETC

Answer 35

enzymes transfer the electrons to the oxygen, which reacts with H+ from the coenzymes to produce water. as ETC moves electrons through its enzyme complex the H+ ions build up in the inner membrane space. so they move into the matrix via ATP synthase which acts as a protein channel. the movement of the H+ makes the ATP synthase turn