chap 10 Flashcards
Boyars
Russian nobles
Steppe
Region where Eastern Slavs were found
Mosaic
Many pieces of glass or clay to create a picture
Iconoclasts
Image breakers
Missionaries
Set up schools and hospitals
Illuminated manuscripts
Religious document with elaborate designs
Clergy
Lowest church officials
Czar
Russian name for Caesar
Monastery
Religious community
Schism
Separation between East and West Christianity
The first emperors of the Byzantine Empire were
Roman
Empress Theodora was the champion of
Women’s rights
The Catholic Popes and Byzantine emperors were against each other because of
Religious differences
Leader of the Franks and “emperor” of Roman Empire
Charlemagne
The group to finally bring down Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire.
Ottoman Turks
The territory of the Eastern Slavs stretched from the Baltic Sea to the
Black Sea
Princess Olga was the first of the Slavic nobility to accept
Christianity
The Mongols were not able to take Novgorod because of
mud
The Metropolitan was the head of
Eastern Orthodoxy
The Orthodox church stressed that the duty of the people is to submit to the authority of the
Government
Major production industry in the Byzantine Empire
Silk-weaving
Name the Slavs gave to the Mongols
Tatars
What inspired Byzantine artists?
Religious beliefs
Orthodox Christianity was originally introduced to Russia by-
Byzantine missionaries
Why did Kiev attract missionaries and traders?
It was located on a trade route between the Black and Baltic seas.
What language was predominantly spoken in the Byzantine Empire?
Greek
What did the region of Kiev lack compared to other civilizations?
Cities
Nearly bankrupted the Eastern Roman Empire due to his military expansion
Justinian
The attacks of the ______ Turks caused the first crusade.
Seljuk
The Dnieper and ___ rivers were important trade routes for the Slavs.
Volga
______ is the religion that religion is subservient to the government.
Caesaropapism
Mongols invaded _____ because the _____ Byzantine State had weakened them by cutting off trade.
Kiev, Catholic
The _____ sacked Constantinople during the fourth Crusade.
Crusaders
The Grand Prince, ______, strengthened ties to Western Europe through ______,
Yaroslav, Marriages
______ was the first Viking ruler of the Eastern Slavs.
Rurik
Ivan the Great ruled ______ and refused to pay taxes to the Mongols.
Moscow
map
JCMR
Describe at least two issues that either caused or worsened the schism between the churches.
- The Pope and the Patriarch both thought they were the supreme leader of the church. They challenged each other over control of different churches in the Balkan peninsula.
- The iconoclastic controversy also helped split the churches. Leo III wanted all icons to be removed from churches, but the Pope and other officials refused to remove them.
- In the battle against the Lombard, they enlisted the help of the “Franks”, led by Charlemagne. The pope gave Charlemagne the title of “emperor”, despite the fact that the only person who could legally grant that was the Byzantine Ruler.
SPECIFICALLY, what elements contributed, and in what way, to the fall of the Byzantine Empire (aside from Justinian)?
- The unending attacks from the Lombards, Avars, Slavs, and Persians greatly weakened the empire.
- In 1071, the Byzantine empire and Venice teamed up to help regain land and strengthen the economy. However, this failed, and the Byzantines lost control of trade.
- Also in 1071, the Seljuk turks defeated the Byzantine empire in Manzikert.
- In the fourth crusade, the christian crusaders sacked the center of Christianity, Constantinople.
- Finally, the Ottoman Turks finally ended the empire.
- ps i forgor the schism of the church also weakened the empires sense of unity.
What was the “Third Rome” and why did it come to be known as that?
The “Third Rome” was Moscow. After Constantinople fell in 1453, Moscow stood by itself as the center of the Eastern Orthodox church. Ivan the III married Sophia, niece of the last Byzantine empire, which gave him a connection to the Roman throne. He took the title czar (“caesar”). Moscow and its neighboring lands became Russia.
