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sudfuidhsfuishdf > Biology molecules > Flashcards

Biology molecules Flashcards

1
Q

Inorganic compound

A

Lacks carbon and hydrogen

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2
Q

Inorganic compound ex.

A

Water (H20) salt (NACI)

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3
Q

Organic compound

A

Has both carbon and hydrogen together

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4
Q

Organic compound ex.

A

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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5
Q

4 major macro molecules

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

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6
Q

Monosacharides

A

Carbohydrate made up of 1 type of sugar (glucose)

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7
Q

Disaccharides

A

Made up of 2 sugars bonded together (maltose (glucose + glucose = maltose))

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8
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Complex carbohydrate made up of chains up of monosaccharides

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9
Q

Polysaccharide ex

A

Starch - food storage compound found in plants

Cellulose - makes up the cell wall of plants

Glycogen - a food storage compound in animals

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10
Q

Carbohydrates function:

A

Store and provide energy (ex. Sugar, starches)

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11
Q

Monomers function:

A

Building blocks - glucose (a monosaccharide)

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12
Q

Lipids

A

Insoluble in water, insulation

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13
Q

Lipids function:

A

Provide energy, cell membrane
Ex. Fats, oil, water

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14
Q

Monomers/ polymers

A
  • fatty acids (glycerol + trialyceride)
  • saturated vs unsaturated
  • phospholids
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15
Q

Protein functions:

A

-structure
-regulate body process
-enzymes - catalyze, speed up, chemical reactions

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16
Q

Protein ex.

A

Meat proteins, wheat proteins, soy proteins

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17
Q

Polymers of protein

A

Make up C, H, O, and N

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18
Q

There are 20 different types of________

A

Amino acids

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19
Q

Amino acids are held together by a

A

Peptide bond

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20
Q

When a peptide bond is formed

A

A water molecule is lost

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21
Q

Pipeptide

A

2 amino acids joined together by a peptide bond

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22
Q

Tripartite

A

Dipeptide amd an amino acid

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23
Q

Polypeptide

A

Long chain of amino acids

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24
Q

Monomers

A

Amino acids- building blocks of protein

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25
Q

Nucleic acids function

A

Control protein structures thus control cellular function

Store and transmit hereditary I found

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26
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Monomers/ polymers

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27
Q

Nucleo tides

A

How DNA works

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28
Q

Nucleic acids ex.

A

DNA, RNA (polymers)

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29
Q

Carbohydrates elements

A

H oc

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30
Q

Carbohydrates monomer ex

A

Monosacharide (glucose)

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31
Q

Carbohydrates polymer ex

A

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose, chitin

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32
Q

Lipids elements

A

H oc(P)

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33
Q

Lipids monomer ex

A

Fatty acid, glycerol

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34
Q

Lipids polymer ex

A

Phospholipids, triglycerides, steroids

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35
Q

Proteins elements

A

C,H,O,N, (S)

36
Q

Proteins monomer ex

A

Amino acids

37
Q

Proteins polymer ex

A

Dipeptide, polypeptide, tripeptide

38
Q

Nucleic acids elements

A

C,H,O,N,P

39
Q

Nucleic acids monomers ex

A

Nucleotides

40
Q

Nucleic acids polymer ex

A

RNA and DNa

41
Q

Carbohydrates (carbs) function

A

Provide and store energy, provide protection and support

42
Q

Lipids function

A

Long term energy source, maim part of cell membrane

43
Q

Proteins function

A

Provide enzymes, structure and regulate body precess

44
Q

Nucleic acids function

A

Translate genetic information, provides sequence for protein synthesis

45
Q

Cellulose in

A

Plant cells

46
Q

Chitin is in

A

Fungus cell walls

47
Q

Galactose
Fructose
Glucose

A

Sugar (-ose sugar)

48
Q

Saccharide

A

Sugar

49
Q

name for an electronically charged atom

A

ion

50
Q

water molecules are both

A

adhesive and cohesive

51
Q

why is water both cohesive and adhesive

A

polar covalent and hydrogen bonding

52
Q

water can absorb

A

large amounts of heat

53
Q

oxygen has how many protons

A

8

54
Q

hydrogen has how many protons

A

1

55
Q

oxygen likes

A

electrons

56
Q

electrons prefer

A

oxygen over hydrogen

57
Q

cohesion

A

water sticks to itself

58
Q

cohesion example

A

some bugs can walk on water

59
Q

cohesion causes

A

water tension

60
Q

adhesion

A

sticks to other things

61
Q

adhesion causes

A

capillary movement

62
Q

adhesion example

A

plants suck up water to move to other parts

63
Q

water is the

A

universal solvent

64
Q

universal solvent means

A

(water) dissolves most things

65
Q

whats the way to measure ph level

A

logarithmic scale

66
Q

whats nuetral 7 on the logarithmic scale

A

water

67
Q

what has a ph above 7

A

bases

68
Q

what has a ph below 7

A

acids

69
Q

bases example

A

milk blood ammonia

70
Q

acids example

A

`tomato juice, vinegar, battery acid

71
Q

hydroxide

A

(OH-)

72
Q

hydrogen

A

(H+)

73
Q

acids contribute to

A

H+ (hydrogen) ions to solution

74
Q

bases remove

A

H+ (hydrogen) ions and adds OH- (hydroxide) ions

75
Q

organisms can only tolerate

A

small changes in ph

76
Q

OPTIMUM LEVEL

A

ph level a cell works best at

77
Q

measure ph with

A

probe ware or ph paper

78
Q

at very low temps

A

the reaction rate is slow

79
Q

high temps or extreme ph

A

can irreversibly change the way proteins function and their structure

80
Q

in multiecellular the fluid within the cells

A

are a near constant ph and is maintained w buffer systems

81
Q

ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE

A

CARBON

82
Q

monosaccharide

A

carbohydrate made of one type of sugar (ex. glucose)

83
Q

disaccharides

A

made of 2 sugars bonded together (ex. glucose + glucose = maltose)

84
Q

polysaccharide

A

complex carbohydrate made of chains of monosaccharides

85
Q

polysaccharide example

A

starch
food storage compound in plants
cellulose makes the cell wall of plants
glycogen a food storage compound in plants

sudfuidhsfuishdf (29 decks)

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