bio

Question 1

Darwin used the term “descent with modification.”
What did Darwin mean?

Answer 1

every organism came from one same organism and changed into what we have now by adapting

Question 2

A method of breeding that allows only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to mate and produced offspring is called?

Answer 2

selective breeding

Question 3

What is artificial selection?

Answer 3

when we select desirable traits from an organsim

Question 4

In artificial selection, how is it determined which traits and characteristics will be passed to future offspring?

Answer 4

selective breeding

Question 5

In natural selection, how is it determined which traits and characteristics will be passed to future offspring?

Answer 5

if they survive with the traits they have then it will be passed if not then that trait will die out

Question 6

What term did Darwin use to describe the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment?

Answer 6

natural selection

Question 7

In artificial selection, how is it determined which traits and characteristics will be passed to future offspring?

Answer 7

selective breeding

Question 8

In natural selection, how is it determined which traits and characteristics will be passed to future offspring?

Answer 8

if they survive with the traits they have then it will be passed if not then that trait will die out

Question 9

What term did Darwin use to describe the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its environment?

Answer 9

natural selection

Question 10

There are four essential parts to Darwin’s theory of evolution. One part of his theory is listed below. Fill in the blank with the missing term to make the statement correct.

In each generation, more offspring
are produced than can _________.

Answer 10

survive

Question 11

There are four essential parts to Darwin’s theory of evolution. One part of his theory is listed below. Fill in the blank with the missing term to make the statement correct.

Individuals in a population have ____________ in traits.

Answer 11

similarity

Question 12

There are four essential parts to Darwin’s theory of evolution. One part of his theory is listed below. Fill in the blank with the missing term to make the statement correct.

Individuals must compete for ____________.

Answer 12

resources

Question 13

There are four essential parts to Darwin’s theory of evolution. One part of his theory is listed below. Fill in the blank with the missing term to make the statement correct.

Individuals with adaptive traits are more likely to ____________.

Answer 13

survive and reproduce

Question 14

Which individuals will survive and reproduce and which will not is determined by _______.

Answer 14

resources

Question 15

Individuals possessing characteristics that are not well suited to their environment will either _______.

Answer 15

die or adapt

Question 16

List five areas that provide evidence to support the theory of evolution.

Answer 16

fossils, observations, biogeography, anatomy and molecular biology

Question 17

Explain how the fossil record provides evidence for evolution.

Answer 17

fossils of the same species as an existing organism can show variation the older it is showing evolution

Question 18

Explain how “geographic distribution” provides evidence for evolution.

Answer 18

evolution and movement of tectonic plates go hand in hand

Question 19

Explain how homologous body structures provide evidence for evolution.

Answer 19

if all organisms from a species share a physical characteristic, it could mean the shared ancestor had that characteristic

Question 20

Explain how embryology provides evidence for evolution.

Answer 20

Explain how embryology provides evidence for evolution.

Question 21

Explain how biological molecules provide evidence for evolution.

Answer 21

similar biological molecules can show shared evolutionary history

Question 22

What term is used to describe body structures that are similar in structure but are different in function?

Answer 22

homologous structures

Question 23

What term is used to describe body structures that are similar in function but have different structures?

Answer 23

serially homologous structures

Question 24

What term is used to describe body structures that are reduced in size and seem to be “left over” from an ancient ancestor?

Answer 24

vestigal structures

Question 25

Give an example of homologous body structures.

Answer 25

whale leg bones

Question 26

Give an example of two structures that are analogous to one another.

Answer 26

bird wings and butterfly wings

Question 27

List two examples of vestigial structures.

Answer 27

goosebumps and wisdom teeth

Question 28

Two organisms have several homologous structures in common. What conclusion can be reached about these two organisms?

Answer 28

they may have come from the same organism which no longer exists

Question 29

It is possible for evolution to occur so quickly that it can be viewed in a single lifetime. Give examples of evolution that you have seen in your lifetime.

Answer 29

insects surviving pesticide

Question 30

List three reasons why species become extinct.

Answer 30

lack of resources, over hunting, unable to reproduce

Question 31

What is the evolutionary result of a mass extinction?

Answer 31

animals cant evolve off of extinct animals

Question 32

Define the term “adaptive radiation.”

Answer 32

a group of a species that diversified a lot in very specific ways

Question 33

Organisms that are distantly related to one another often come to resemble each other because they live in similar environments.
This concept is known as __________ evolution.

Answer 33

convergent

Question 34

In ____________ evolution, closely related species become more and more dissimilar

Answer 34

divergent

Question 35

The process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other is known as ___________.

Answer 35

coevolution

Question 36

Describe the model of evolution known as punctuated equilibrium.

Answer 36

when theres no change in an organisms characteristics for a long period of time and then rapid change

Question 37

Describe the model of evolution known as gradualism

Answer 37

a gradual change in an organisms characteristics