ch8: organelles Flashcards
cell membrane
the thin outermost structure of human cells
cell wall
the outermost layer of the cell that makes its shape and protects it
do humans have a cell wall
no, but bacteria does
nucleus
a round structure that is inside the cell, near the center
nuclear membrane
is the structure that surrounds the nucleus
cytoplasm
the inside of the cell that contains the other organelles such as mitochondria that perform the functions of the cells
the components of cytoplasm are
water, proteins, ions, and nutrients
ribosome
an organelle that contributes to protein synthesis ; protein synthesis is the building of proteins from their basic components, the amino acids
endoplasmic reticulum
provides passageways for moving various substances within the cytoplasm
mitochondria
an organelle that gives the cell energy
depending on how much energy the cells needs it may have multiple mitochondria
lysosome
the function of the lysosome organelle within the cell is digestion
centriole
cylinder shaped organelle that plays a role in cell division with each pair in the cell making sure to divide the chromosomes equally to the cells that result from the reproduction process
golgi apparatus
synthesizes carbs and sorts the proteins the ribosome is supporting
peroxisome
an organelle in the cytoplasm that contains enzymes
flagellum
a tail like appendage that allows the cell to move in a swimming like motion
