Ch.7 (8) Memory Flashcards
Define STM (Short Term Memory)
Holds 7 bits of info such as a phone number, 7 digits. It is easily interrupted by distraction
Define LTM (Long Term Memory)
Repetition
Define Chunking
Recode info into a larger unit
Define Redintegration (Memory)
When one memory makes you think of another memory (or something else), then makes you think of another memory/thing - one memory touches off another
Define Procedural Memory
Skill memory, like learning how to ride a bike
Define Declarative Memory
Stores factual info, like knowing the first president
Name the memories within the Declarative memory
Semantic memory and Episodic memory
Define Episodic Memory
Personal memory (remembering your first date)
Define Semantic Memory
Names of object (days of the week, months, in the year)
Name different ways of Measuring Memory
Recall, Recognition, and Relearning
Define Recall
Remembering (past) info
From the book: to supply or reproduce memorized info with a minimum of external cues
Define Recognition
Don’t know how to know the info, but have to recognize/identify it (easier test than a recall test)
From the book: an ability to correctly identify previously learned info
Define Relearning
You relearn an item quicker than a new item (reading the chapter before class/studying)
From the book: learning again something that was previously learned. Used to measure memory of prior learning.
Define Serial Position Effect*
When we tend to recall/remember first and last bits of info and forget the bits of info in the middle
Define Explicit Memory
A memory that a person is aware of having; a memory that is consciously received
Define Implicit Memory
A memory that a person does not know exists; a memory that is retrieved unconsciously
Define Not Encoded
Reason why we forget, irrelevant info
Define (Memory) Decay
If the info is not used, it is lost. The fading or weakening of memories assumed to occur when memory traces become weaker
Define Sensory Memory
Part of the memory that holds the exact copy of what you see or hear. If you pay attention to that, it will make it to your STM
Define Cue Dependent Forgetting
When people sometimes forget because the cues that were present when learning that info, were not present when trying to retrieve the info or remembering (a type of association)
Define State Dependent Forgetting
When people tend to forget info if they’re not in the same physical or psychological state as when they learned the info
Define Interference
Trying to learn something new, but whatever is in your head is interfering with learning the new stuff. Tendency for either new learning or old learning, that gets in the way of remembering info
Define Retroactive (Interference)
When new learning interferes with remembering old info
Define Proactive (Interference)
When old learning (what’s already in your head) interferes with learning something new/new info
Define Repression
When you unconsciously block a (painful) memory
