Ch.11 Gender & Sexuality Flashcards
What is an Estrogen?
A female hormone
What is an Androgen?
A male hormone
Define Sexual Orientation
Your degree of erotic and emotional attraction to either members of the opposite of same sex. Determined by genetics, biology, social, and cultural influences
Define Gender Identity
Your sense of being male or female. Evidence by your appearance, behavior, and attitude.
Define Gender Role
Refers to the expectant behavior pattern of each sex
Define Androgyny
Refers to having both male and female characteristics. Characteristics referring to traits such as sensitive, emotional, communicative (female), independent, aggressive (male)
State some characteristics of Androgynies
- Tend to have higher emotional intelligence (your ability to emphasize, ability to read a situation)
- Report more satisfaction in/with their lives
Define Masculine Men and Feminine Females
Consistently choose to do gender appropriate activities
Explain Masculine Men
Have a difficulty expressing warmth, playfulness, and concern. Have a hard time accepting emotional support from others.
Explain Feminine Female
Would struggle with being independent and assertive. More nurturing, more interpersonally oriented meaning more likely to be connected to other people, seek, and receive support.
Explain the Sexual Response Cycle
The response in phases of arousal.
- Excitement phase
- Plateau phase
- Orgasm phase
- Resolution phase
Define the Excitement phase of the Sexual Response Cycle
Initial signs of being aroused
Define the Plateau phase of the Sexual Response Cycle
Physical arousal intensifies
Define the Orgasm phase of the Sexual Response Cycle
Release of sexual excitement
Define the Resolution phase of the Sexual Response Cycle
Returns to lower level of sexual arousal
Define the Refractory Period of the Sexual Response Cycle
Pertain to men (women don’t have this), a short period of time after an orgasm where a guys is unable to reach an orgasm/arousal. Influenced by your age.
Define Paraphilias
Sexual deviations that causes either anxiety, guilt, or discomfort in the person (either you or another). Extremely difficult to be aroused without (being in) the situation
What is a Pedophile?
Sex with children, child molesters.
Most of them are married men, two thirds are fathers. Often friend of relative of the victim. Often fondling, not intercourse. Most of them were molested themselves as a child.
What are some factors related to traumatization from Pedophiles?
- Type of molestation - more traumatic if it were intercourse, than just fondling
- Time frame - the longer its happening, the more traumatic
- The # of people - the more people, makes the victim think there’s something wrong with themselves
- Who did it - a trusting relative is more traumatic than a stranger
- Forceful or not
- Lack of support (from parents)
- May affect your sexual functioning as an adultl
What is an Exhibitionism?
A person who displays their genitals to people unwillingly
What is a Voyeurism?
Viewing other people undressing without permission (“peeping tom”)
What is a Frotteurism?
When a person is sexually touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person (ex. on public transportation)
What is Fetishism?
When the sexual arousal is associated with objects
What is Masochism?
When your arousal comes from desiring pain or humiliation, inflicted by another
What is Sadism?
When you get aroused by afflicting/giving pain on others
What are some Sexual Dysfunctions?
- Desire disorders
- Arousal disorders
- Orgasm disorders
Define Desire disorders
When a person has little or no sexual desire
What are Desire disorders caused by?
Having a conflict with your partner, age, illness, medication, hormonal imbalances, depression, fear of losing control over your sexual urges, fear of intimacy, abuse
What are the levels of Desire disorders?
- Hypoactive
2. Sexual aversion
Define the Hypoactive level of Desire disorders
Diminished or reduced sexual desire
Define the Sexual aversion level of Desire disorders
More severe, the person is completely turned off by sex and avoids it at all extremes
Define Arousal disorders
Having the desire to have sex, but little or no arousal
Explain the Primary and Secondary “levels” of Erectile Dysfunction within Arousal disorders
- Primary - when the guy never had an erection, almost always due to physical changes, testosterone levels, harsh religious upbringing
- Secondary - previously had an erection and now can not have or struggles to have an erection
What are some causes of the Secondary level of Erectile Dysfunction?
Caused by alcohol, vascular disease, aging (getting older), fatigue, performance anxiety
What is meant by Performance Anxiety?
Concerned with giving the partner a “good time”
What is the treatment for Arousal disorders?
The technique that is used is called Sensate Focus
What is Sensate Focus?
A mutual massage that’s nonsexual, which relaxes you, which then makes you aroused
Define Orgasm disorders
When the male/female does not reach an orgasm, or reaches it too late or too early
Define Premature Ejaculation in relation to orgasm disorders?
A main issue for males, when males orgasm too quickly
Name some causes of Premature Ejaculation
- Pressure (depending on the situation. For example, having sex in a public place)
- Not being aware/in touch of sensations before an orgasm
What are some suggestions/solutions for treatment in Premature Ejaculation?
- Pay attention to your body
- “Stop/Start Technique” - when the guy is aroused, is aware and as he’s getting close to an orgasm he will let the female know and they will stop until the guy gets more control and then they will then continue
What is Delayed Ejaculation in relation to Orgasm disorders?
When the guy can not have an orgasm (for the fear of impregnating the woman or a fear of letting go)
Define Sexual Pain disorders
Pain in the genitals (male/female) before, during, or after sex
What is Dysparuenia in relation to Sexual Pain disorders?
For males, pain in the genital area before, during, or after sex
What is Vaginismus in relation to Sexual Pain disorders?
For females, muscles around the vagina prevent intercourse. Due to molestation, painful intercourse.
Explain HIV (AIDS)
HIV spread through direct contact with bodily fluids. Today, no cure, only meds that slow the progression. 75% of people with AIDS are mostly affected by heterosexual (straight) sex.
