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Medical Terminology > CH7 > Flashcards

CH7 Flashcards

1
Q

epiglottis

A

a cartilaginous flap in the larynx that diverts food to the esophagus or air to the trachea

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2
Q

eustachian tube

A

a canal that connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx

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3
Q

glottis

A

vocal apparatus of the larynx; consists of the vocal cords and the space between them

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4
Q

laryngopharynx

A

it is the part of the throat that connects to the esophagus and is the location
where air diverts into the lungs and food is shunted into the esophagus

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5
Q

larynx

A

voice box; connects the pharynx with the trachea; includes the vocal cords

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6
Q

mucus

A

a normally protective gel secreted by the mucous membrane that assists in cleansing air by trapping dust, pollen, and bacteria

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7
Q

mucous membrane

A

a protective membrane that lines body passages in both the respiratory and
digestive tracts; they produce mucus as a form of protection

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8
Q

nasal septum

A

a partition that separates the nose and nasal cavity into right and sides; a dividing wall or membrane especially between bodily spaces or masses of soft tissue

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9
Q

nasopharynx

A

the upper section of the pharynx located behind the nasal cavity

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10
Q

oropharynx

A

lies posterior to the mouth (extends from the uvula to the level of the superior aspect of the epiglottis)

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11
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

four areas of multiple air-filled cavities located within facial bones; they get
their name from being located beside the nose

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12
Q

pharynx

A

throat

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13
Q

alveoli

A

small air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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14
Q

bronchioles

A

the smallest airways in the lungs which connect to the alveoli

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15
Q

hilum

A

a depression in each lung where the right or left main stem bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter each lung

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16
Q

pleura

A

a double-layered membrane that surrounds each lung

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17
Q

pleural cavity

A

the space/cavity occupied by each lung

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18
Q

trachea

A

windpipe; the passageway for air from the larynx to the primary bronchi

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19
Q

bifurcate

A

divide or split into two branches

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20
Q

apnea

A

the absence of spontaneous breathing

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21
Q

dyspnea

A

labored or difficult breathing; commonly called shortness of breath (SOB)

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22
Q

eupnea

A

normal rate and effort of breathing

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23
Q

tachypnea

A

fast breathing; an increased respiration rate

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24
Q

bradypnea

A

the condition of having a lower than normal breathing rate; < 12bpm in an adult at rest

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25
hyperventilation
breathing both too fast (tachypnea) and too deep (hyperpnea)
26
orthopnea
breathing that is difficult while lying down and is relieved by placing the patient in a sitting or standing position
27
asphyxia
suffocation; the state of being deprived of oxygen, which can lead to loss of consciousness or death
28
cyanosis
refers to the bluish tint of skin due to an insufficient amount of oxygen or circulation
29
hypercapnia
condition of having excessive carbon dioxide in the body
30
hypoxemia
an insufficient amount of oxygen in the bloodstream
31
hypoxia
an insufficient amount of oxygen to body tissues
32
anosmia
loss of the sense of smell
33
aspiration
inhaling food, liquid, or a foreign object into the airway
34
epistaxis
nosebleed
35
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx that causes hoarseness, loss of voice
36
pharyngitis
inflammation/infection of the pharynx; commonly called a sore throat
37
rhinitis/coryza
inflammation of the nasal cavity
38
rhinorrhea
runny nose; discharge from the nose
39
sinusitis
inflammation of one or more sinuses; it causes pain and pressure to the area between the eyes and central forehead
40
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the bronchioles; name for bronchitis in children since there bronchial tree is so small in size
41
bronchitis
inflammation of a bronchus
42
bronchospasm
involuntary muscle spasm of the smooth muscle in the wall of the bronchus; one of the causes of persistent coughing
43
hemoptysis
coughing up blood or blood-stained sputum
44
phlegm
thicker than normal mucus produced in the lower respiratory tract
45
pneumonia
inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli are filled with fluid
46
pneumothorax
air that escapes into and accumulates between the pleura; causes shortness of breath due to the inability to expand the lung
47
hemothorax
the abnormal presence of blood in the pleural cavity/space
48
tracheomalacia
abnormal softening of the trachea
49
tracheostenosis
abnormal narrowing of the trachea
50
auscultation (of the chest)
listening to the chest or abdomen for sounds using a stethoscope
51
percussion
use of the fingertips to tap on a surface to determine the condition beneath the surface
52
oximeter
a device for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood
53
crackles
abnormal snapping, crackling and/or popping sounds; commonly attributed to mucus/liquid in the alveoli; indicates the presence of fluid or mucus in the small airways
54
stridor
an abnormally high-pitched sound caused by an obstruction in the larynx
55
wheeze/wheezing
a whistling sound produced in the lungs due to obstruction or narrowing of the airways due to inflammation
56
croup
a narrowing of the upper airway that maybe characterized by a “barking” cough or stridor
57
bronchoscopy
viewing into the bronchi
58
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
the provision of chest compressions and ventilation to a person with apnea (not breathing) and asystole (no heartbeat)
59
endotracheal intubation
placing of a tube through the mouth and glottis to go into the trachea to provide a patent airway
60
upper respiratory infection (URI)
any infection of the upper respiratory system, including the nose, nasal cavities, sinuses and throat; most often used to refer to the common cold, which causes symptoms such as mild-to-moderate fevers, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion
61
antitussive
a cough suppressant; reduces the urge to cough
62
bronchodilator
relaxes muscle in bronchial tubes causing them to dilate; used to treat asthma
63
decongestant
agents that cause vasoconstriction within the nasal membranes, which reduces swelling and congestion of mucous membranes
64
expectorant
increases bronchial secretions to reduce their viscosity (thickness); lubricates the airway and makes secretions thinner, which helps clear mucus from the airway
65
bronchiol/o
small bronchial airway
66
hem/o
blood
67
pneumo/o, pulmon/o
lung, air
68
sinus/o
sinus, cavity
69
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
70
tuss/o
cough
71
pharyng/o
throat
72
-capnia
carbon dioxide
73
-ectasis
dilation
74
-ole
small
75
-osmia
smell
76
-ostomy
surgically create an opening
77
-phonia
voice
78
-pnea
breathing
79
-ptysis
spitting
80
-rrhagia
abnormal flow
81
-rrhea
discharge
82
-stenosis
narrowing
83
-thorax
chest
84
a-,an-
without
85
anti-
against
86
brady-
slow
87
dys-
difficulty, abnormal
88
endo-
within
89
eu-
normal
90
hyper-
excessive
91
hypo-
insufficient
92
tachy-
fast

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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