CH4

Question 1

Articulation, joint

Answer 1

both terms refer to the place where two bones meet

Question 2

Bone

Answer 2

a hard, rigid connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body

Question 3

Cartilage

Answer 3

Rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of bones, provides structure tot he rib cage, and helps give shape to ears and nose

Question 4

Connective tissue

Answer 4

Tissue that supports, binds or separates other body tissue and parts; includes bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons

Question 5

Ligament

Answer 5

Band of strong fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Question 6

Tendon

Answer 6

Band of strong, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

Question 7

Perosteum

Answer 7

tough, fibrous connective tissue that wraps around the surface of bones

Question 8

red marrow

Answer 8

tissue that produce blood cells

Question 9

yellow marrow

Answer 9

composed of fat cells

Question 10

diaphysis

Answer 10

the central shaft of a long bone

Question 11

epiphysis

Answer 11

the ends of a long bone

uh·pi·fuh·suhs

Question 12

medullary cavity

Answer 12

an open canal in the center of diaphysis

Question 13

cortical bone

Answer 13

compact, hard exterior surface bone; forms a shell around the spongy bone; provides greater strength and rigity

Question 14

cancellous bone

Answer 14

spongy-like bone found in the interior of bones; allows a bone to be strong, but lighter than it would be if it consisted of only compact bone

Question 15

cervical vertebrae – cervical

Answer 15

neck

Question 16

thoracic vertebrae – thoracic

Answer 16

chest

Question 17

lumbar vertebrae – lumbar

Answer 17

low back

Question 18

retrosternal

Answer 18

behind sternum

Question 19

intercostal

Answer 19

space between the ribs

Question 20

intervertebral

Answer 20

between vertebrae

Question 21

temperal bones

Answer 21

area of the temples
- temporal – can mean pertaining to time and it is also
used to identify these two bones in the temple regions of the skull

Question 22

parietal

Answer 22

on the sides of the skull posteriorally from the temporal bones; parietal – refers to
the wall of a structure or cavity

Question 23

occipital

Answer 23

back of skull

Question 24

mandible

Answer 24

lower jawbone

Question 25

carpals

Answer 25

8 bones of the wrist

Question 26

clavicle

Answer 26

collar bone

Question 27

cranium

Answer 27

skull; protects the brain and consists of many skull and facial bones

Question 28

femur

Answer 28

upper leg bone; largest bone in the body

Question 29

humerus

Answer 29

upper arm bone

Question 30

patella

Answer 30

kneecap

Question 31

phalanges

Answer 31

bones of the fingers and toes

Question 32

radius

Answer 32

forearm arm bone on the thumb-side of the forearm

Question 33

tibia

Answer 33

(shin bone) the medial bone of the lower leg

Question 34

fibula

Answer 34

the lateral bone of the lower leg

Question 35

ulna

Answer 35

forearm bone on the pinky side of the arm

Question 36

complete fracture

Answer 36

the fracture in the bone crosses the entire width of the bone

Question 37

incomplete fracture

Answer 37

the fracture in the bone does not cross the entire width of the bone

Question 38

comminuted

Answer 38

fractured into multiple fragments

Question 39

spiral fracture

Answer 39

a twisting action causes the fracture to appear in a spiral form

Question 40

pathologic fracture

Answer 40

a fracture caused by disease, such as from a bone infection or osteoporosis

Question 41

stress fracture

Answer 41

caused by repetitive low-impact forces of the foot landing on a hard surface

Question 42

orthopedist/orthopedic surgeon

Answer 42

diagnoses/treats the muscular system

Question 43

amputation

Answer 43

the partial or complete removal of a limb of the body

Question 44

arthroscopy

Answer 44

the process of visually examining the interior of a joint

Question 45

craniotomy

Answer 45

surgical cutting into the skull

Question 46

craniectomy

Answer 46

the surgical removal of part of a bone of the skull

Question 47

lumbar puncture/spinal tap

Answer 47

the insertion of a needle between two vertebrae of the lumbar that could be used to inject medication or to remove spinal fluid for testing

Question 48

arthralgia

Answer 48

joint pain

Question 49

chondromalacia

Answer 49

abnormal softening of cartilage

Question 50

dislocation

Answer 50

joint out of place

Question 51

subluxation

Answer 51

an incomplete dislocation, the joint alignment is disrupted, but the ends of the bones remain in contact

Question 52

sprain

Answer 52

damage to a ligament caused by overstretching or tearing

Question 53

cast

Answer 53

long-term immobilization device

Question 54

splint

Answer 54

a temporary immobilization device that allows for the inflammation process related to musculoskeletal injuries

Question 55

ostealgia, osteodynia

Answer 55

bone pain

Question 56

osteomalacia

Answer 56

abnormally soft bone due to malnutrition

Question 57

osteopenia

Answer 57

a condition in which bone mass is reduced because the number of osteocytes (bone cells) being created is not sufficient to compensate for the number of osteocytes being destroyed

Question 58

crepitation, crepitus

Answer 58

both terms refer to a grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bones or the fractured parts of a bone

Question 59

myeloma

Answer 59

a type of blood cancer that forms in the bone marrow

Question 60

osteomyelitis

Answer 60

inflammation and infection of bone and its bone marrow

Question 61

osteoma

Answer 61

a benign tumor made of bone that grows slowly on existing bone

Question 62

corticosteroids

Answer 62

the class of drugs that are produced naturally in the adrenal cortex of the kidney and are used for their strong anti-inflammatory properties

Question 63

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)

Answer 63

drugs that provide relief from inflammation, like steroids, without the steroid component; provide anti-inflammatory benefits and mild-moderate pain relief; include Aleve (naproxen sodium, aspirin, and Motrin(ibuprofen)

Question 64

epi-

Answer 64

above

Question 65

inter-

Answer 65

between

Question 66

intra-

Answer 66

within

Question 67

peri-

Answer 67

around

Question 68

retro-

Answer 68

backward, behind

Question 69

sub-

Answer 69

under

Question 70

chondr/o

Answer 70

cartilage

Question 71

cortic/o

Answer 71

outer layer

Question 72

cost/o

Answer 72

rib

Question 73

orth/o

Answer 73

straight

Question 74

pector/o, thorac/o

Answer 74

chest

Question 75

-algia, - dynia

Answer 75

pain

Question 76

-itis

Answer 76

inflammation and/or infection

Question 77

-oma

Answer 77

tumor

Question 78

-osis

Answer 78

abnormal condition

Question 79

-plasty

Answer 79

surgical repair

Question 80

-sclerosis

Answer 80

abnormal hardening

Question 81

-stenosis

Answer 81

narrowing