CH.4 Infection Control Flashcards
About how many patients develop a healthcare associated infection
4%
How are infections categorized?
Where it originated
Community onset
those that develop outside the hospital.
Nosocomial or Hospital onset
those that develop in the hospital.
Health care-associated infections (HAI)
refers to infections that develop in a patient during the course of medical treatment.
Infection Protection Programs (IP)
Help decrease hospital-acquired infection. They commonly organize and coordinate the hospital.
What are the 3 spread of transmission
- A source or reservoir of pathogen
- A route of transmission for the pathogen
- A susceptible host
Sources of Infection Agents
- Humans are the personal source
2.Inmate objects
3.People who contaminate their local hospital environment
4.People
What is a susceptible host
Susceptibility and resistance to infection vary greatly
Host factors increasing the chance of infection
Who is susceptible host that is most impacted by
- Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus
- Extremes of ages
- underlying acquired HIV
- Latrogenic- we can give it to them.
chemotherapy
placement of tubes and catheters
What are the modes of transmission
- Contact (direct and indirect
- Droplets
- Airborne
Contact Transmission
Most common route
Direct contact
Occurs less frequently than indirect in the care environment
Indirect contact
The most frequent mode of transmission in the healthcare environment
Droplet transmission
A form transmission via respiratory droplets
3 feet rule
How is it generated?
Respiratory droplets are when an individual is coughing, sneezing, or talking.
Airborne Transmission
Occur via the spread of airborne droplet nuclei.
These are small particles of evaporated droplets.
They last for a longer period of time in the air.
Travel a longer distance.