ch.37

Question 1

absorption

Answer 1

process by which drugs are transferred from the site of entry into the body to the bloodstream

Question 2

anorexia

Answer 2

lack or loss of appetite for food

Question 3

anthropometric

Answer 3

measurements of the body and body parts

Question 4

aspiration

Answer 4

misdirection of oropharyngeal secretions or gastric contents into the larynx and lower respiratory tract
-accidental breathing of food into the lungs

Question 5

basal metabolism

Answer 5

amount of energy required to carry out involuntary activities of the body at rest

Question 6

body mass index

Answer 6

ratio of height to weight
18.5-24.9

Question 7

digestion

Answer 7

gastrointestinal system’s breakdown process of food into particles small enough to pass into the cells and be used by the cells

Question 8

dysphagia

Answer 8

difficulty in swallowing or inability to swallow

Question 9

enteral nutrition

Answer 9

alternate form of feeding that involves passing a tube into the gastrointestinal tract to allow instillation of the appropriate f

Question 10

gastric residual volume

Answer 10

feeding remaining in the stomach

Question 11

gastrostomy

Answer 11

opening created into the stomach

Question 12

nasogastric tube

Answer 12

tube inserted through the nose and into the stoma

Question 13

nasointestinal tube

Answer 13

tube inserted through the nose and into the upper portion of the small intestine

Question 14

parenteral nutrition

Answer 14

nourishment provided via IV therapy

Question 15

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Answer 15

surgically (open or laparoscopically) placed gastrostomy tube

Question 16

nutrients

Answer 16

specific biochemical substances used by the body for growth, development, activity

Question 17

energy balance

Answer 17

energy is derived or obtained from foods consumed

Question 18

basal metabolic rate

Answer 18

the energy required to fuel the involuntary activities of the body at rest after 12 hours

Question 19

What factors increase BMR?

Answer 19

growth, infection, elevated hormone levels

Question 20

What factors decrease eBMR?

Answer 20

aging, prolonged fasting, sleep

Question 21

BMI

Answer 21

ratio of weight in kg to height in meters squared, provides estimates of body fat

Question 22

carbohydrates

Answer 22

supply energy, simple or complex sugars

Question 23

protein

Answer 23

required for the formation of all body structures
22 amino acids

Question 24

complete proteins

Answer 24

contain sufficient essential amino acids

Question 25

incomplete proteins

Answer 25

deficient in one or more essential acids (plant protein)

Question 26

fats

Answer 26

insoluble in water and blood

Question 27

trans fat

Answer 27

partially hydrogenate liquid oils

Question 28

triglycerides

Answer 28

the predominant form of fat in food and the major storage of fat in the body

Question 29

vitamin A

Answer 29

affects visual acuity, skin, immune function

Question 30

vitamin D

Answer 30

provides calcium, stimulates calcium absorption,

Question 31

vitamin E

Answer 31

protects vitamin A

Question 32

vitamin K

Answer 32

helps clot blood