CH25 - Verbal Behavior

Question 1

Verbal Behavior

Answer 1

Bx that is REINFORCED thru the mediation of another person’s bx

INVOLVES a SOCIAL INTERACTION between speakers and listeners, whereby SPEAKERS GAIN ACCESS to Reinforcement and control their environment thru the BEHAVIOR of LISTENERS

Question 2

Formal Properties of Verbal Bx

Answer 2

The topography of the verbal response; i.e. form, structure

Examples: articulation, prosody, intonation, pitch, and emphasis

Question 3

Functional Properties of Verbal Bx

Answer 3

The CAUSES of the verbal RESPONSE;

i.e. Antecedents and consequences

Question 4

Verbal Operant (review Cooper)

Answer 4

The UNIT of ANALYSIS of verbal behavior which is the FUNCTIONAL RELATION between a type of responding and the same independent variables that control nonverbal behavior:

A.) motivating variables
B.) discriminative stimuli
C.) consequences

Question 5

Verbal repertoire

Answer 5

a SET of Verbal Operants emitted by a particular person

Question 6

Mand

Answer 6

a verbal operant in which the FORM of the RESPONSE is UNDER the FUNCTIONAL CONTROL of MOs and specific REINFORCEMENT

Question 7

Tact

Answer 7

a verbal operant under the FUNCTIONAL CONTROL of NONVERBAL discriminative stimulus, and it PRODUCES generalized conditioned reinforcement (GCR).

Naming or identifying objects, actions, events, etc.

Question 8

Echoic

Answer 8

Verbal operant that consists of a VERBAL SD that has POINT-to-POINT correspondence and FORMAL SIMILARITY with a VERBAL response

Question 9

Point-to-point correspondence

Answer 9

the BEGINNING, MIDDLE, and END of the verbal STIMULUS MATCHES the beginning, middle, and end of the VERBAL RESPONSE

Question 10

Formal Similarity

Answer 10

the controlling antecedent stimulus and the response or response product

a) SHARE the SAME SENSE MODE and
b) PHYSICALLY RESEMBLE each other

Question 11

Intraverbal

Answer 11

a verbal operant that is CONTROLLED by verbal SD that EVOKES a verbal RESPONSE and NO point-to-point correspondence

Ex: Answering questions or having conversations in which your words are controlled by other word.

Question 12

Textual Relation

Answer 12

a verbal operant that consists of a VERBAL SD that has POINT-to-POINT correspondence BETWEEN the STIMULUS and the RESPONSE product, BUT does NOT have formal similarity

Question 13

Transcription

Answer 13

Consists of writing and spelling words that are spoken.

a verbal SD that controls a written, typed, or finger-spelled response.

Question 14

Transcription relation

Answer 14

there is POINT-to-POINT correspondence between the stimulus and the response product BUT NO formal similarity

Question 15

Listener (2 parts)

Answer 15

A listener FUNCTIONS as a MEDIATOR of REINFORCEMENT and a SD for verbal behavior.
(the listener is an audience for verbal behavior).

Question 16

Speaker

Answer 16

someone who engages in verbal behavior by emitting mands, tacts, intraverbals, autoclitics etc. also uses signs, gestures, codes, pictures etc

Question 17

audience

Answer 17

a SD in the presence of which VERBAL BEHAVIOR is characteristically REINFORCED.

anyone who functions as an SD for evoking verbal behavior

Question 18

Generic Tact Extension (Review Cooper)

Answer 18

NOVEL stimulus SHARES all of the RELEVANT or defining FEATURES associated with the original stimulus.

Child is taught to Label a lab a dog, later he sees a beagle and says “dog”

Question 19

Metaphorical tact extension

Answer 19

NOVEL stimulus SHARES SOME, but not all, of the RELEVANT FEATURES of the ORIGINAL stimulus

“child’s brother is being mean, child calls him a snake.”

Having learned to say “tree” in the presence of oaks and maples, you now see a lilac bush for the first time and say “tree.”

Question 20

Metonymical Tact Extension

Answer 20

NOVEL stimulus SHARES NONE of the relevant features of the original stimulus configuration, but SOME IRRELEVANT but related feature has acquired stimulus control.

Stimulus paired by accident: “Child taught to label black lab as “dog.” Later when seeing a black cat & says “dog”

Question 21

Solistic Tact Extension

Answer 21

a STIMULUS PROPERTY that is only INDIRECTLY RELATED to the TACT relation evokes substandard verbal behavior

“Tigers are prey to zebras”
“you smells nice”
“you speak good”

Question 22

Public Accompaniment

Answer 22

a PUBLICLY observable STIMULUS accompanies a private stimuli

Question 23

Collateral Responses

Answer 23

a PUBLICLY observable BEHAVIORS that reliably OCCUR with PRIVATE stimuli

Question 24

Response Reduction

Answer 24

a TYPE of GENERALIZATOIN in which kinesthetic stimuli arising from movement and positions ACQUIRE CONTROL over the verbal response.
When movements shrink in size (become covert), the kinesthetic stimuli may remain sufficiently similar to those resulting from the overt movements

Question 25

Multiple Audiences

Answer 25

TWO or MORE different audiences that may EVOKE DIFFERENT response forms

Talking about SR+ to Behavior Analyst vs. talking to a friend about Reinforcement.

Question 26

Impure tacts

Answer 26

Occur when an MO SHARES CONTROL with a NONVERBAL stimulus

If a response is only partially controlled by a prior non-verbal stimulus due to controlling influence by either generalized or non-generalized reinforcement, the response is called a distorted or impure tact.

Question 27

Autoclitic Relation

Answer 27

they IDENTIFY when a SPEAKER’S own VERBAL BEHAVIOR functions as an SD or an MO for ADDITIONAL SPEAKER verbal behavior.

“Verbal behavior about a speaker’s own verbal behavior.”