CH18

Question 1

According to Erikson, the eighth and
final stage of psychosocial
development, in which people in late
adulthood either achieve a sense of
integrity of the self by accepting the
lives they have lived, and thus accept
death, or yield to despair that their lives
cannot be relived.

Answer 1

ego integrity versus despair

Question 2

Adaptive thinking or behavior aimed at
reducing or relieving stress that arises
from harmful, threatening, or
challenging conditions.

Answer 2

coping

Question 3

Model of coping, proposed by Lazarus
and Folkman, that holds that, on the
basis of continuous appraisal of their
relationship with the environment,
people choose appropriate coping
strategies to deal with situations that tax
their normal resources.

Answer 3

cognitive-appraisal model

Question 4

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping
strategy directed toward eliminating,
managing, or improving a stressful
situation.

Answer 4

problem-focused coping

Question 5

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping
strategy directed toward managing the
emotional response to a stressful
situation so as to lessen its physical or
psychological impact.

Answer 5

emotion-focused coping

Question 6

Theory of aging that holds that
successful aging is characterized by
mutual withdrawal of the older person
and society.

Answer 6

disengagement theory

Question 7

Theory of aging that holds that to age
successfully a person must remain as
active as possible.

Answer 7

activity theory

Question 8

The theory of aging, described by Atchley,
that holds that in order to age
successfully people must maintain a
balance of continuity and change in both
the internal and external structures of
their lives.

Answer 8

continuity theory

Question 9

Enhancing overall cognitive functioning
by using stronger abilities to
compensate for those that have
weakened.

Answer 9

selective optimization with
compensation (SOC)

Question 10

Remaining in one’s own home, with
orwithout assistance, in later life.

Answer 10

aging in place