Ch. 9 Muscle and Muscle Tissue

Question 1

What are the prefixes of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

myo-
mys-
sacro-

Question 2

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 2

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

Question 3

These are voluntary muscles responsible for body mobility and that attach over the skeleton. They are the longest and appear striped (striated) under a microscope.

Answer 3

Skeletal muscle

Question 4

This is involuntary muscle only found in the heart. They are the heart walls and appear striated.

Answer 4

Cardiac

Question 5

This is an involuntary muscle found in all of the hollow visceral organs including vessels. They function to force substances through organs. They are not striated.

Answer 5

Smooth

Question 6

What are the functional characteristics of muscle tissue?

Answer 6

1. Excitability- responsiveness
2. Contractility- shorten forcibly
3. Extensibility-extend or stretch
4. Elasticity- muscle cell to recoil and resume resting length after stretching

Question 7

What are the functions of muscle tissue?

Answer 7

1. Produce movement
2. Maintain Posture and Body Position
3. Generate Heat
4. Stabilize Joints

Question 8

Each muscle is served by __ nerve, __ artery, and ___ or more veins.

Answer 8

1

Question 9

This controls the activity of the skeletal muscle.

Answer 9

Nerves

Question 10

This supplies the oxygen and nutrients to skeletal muscle.

Answer 10

Artery

Question 11

This surrounds the skeletal muscles.

Answer 11

Connective tissue

Question 12

This is a fine sheath surrounding each skeletal muscle fiber. Wrapped around every single muscle fiber.

Answer 12

Endomysium

Question 13

This is muscle fibers grouped into fascicles that are wrapped by fibrous connective tissue. Surrounds groups of muscle fibers. All running in the same direction.

Answer 13

Perimysium

Question 14

This is dense irregular connective tissue surrounding whole, all of muscle. Tough.

Answer 14

Epismysium

Question 15

Muscles attachment to immovable or less moveable bone

Answer 15

origin

Question 16

Muscles attachment to moveable bone.

Answer 16

Insertion

Question 17

Epimysium is fused directly to the periosteum of a bone or the perichondrium of a cartilage.

Answer 17

Direct attachment.

Question 18

Epimysium fuses rope-like tendon or sheet like aponeurosis which anchor the muscle to the skeleton.

Answer 18

Indirect attachement

Question 19

Each fiber s a long, cyndrilical cell with multiple nuclei just underneath the ____.

Answer 19

Sarcolemma

Question 20

What is sarcolemma?

Answer 20

Muscle cell plasma membrane

Question 21

This contains large amounts of glycosomes and myoglobins also contains myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and T tubules.

Answer 21

Sarcoplasm

Question 22

Each muscle fiber contains many long, rod like structures called____?

Answer 22

Myofibrils

Question 23

Myofibrils contain the ____.

Answer 23

Contractile parts of a muscle fiber

Question 24

Dark A bands and light I bands are ___?

Answer 24

Striations

Question 25

How are striations divided?

Answer 25

Each A band has a lighter stripe in the middle called an H band.
Each H zone is divided into a darker line called M line.
Each I band is divided in the middle by a darker line called M line.
Each I band is divided in the middle by a darker stripe called the Z disc.

Question 26

Light bands are called ___ bands.

Answer 26

I

Question 27

Dark bands are called ___ bands.

Answer 27

A

Question 28

A is not uniformly dark but has a ____ in the middle.

Answer 28

light line ( H zone)

Question 29

This is a region of a myofibril between 2 Z discs and is the functional unit of a muscle fiber.

Answer 29

Sarcomere

Question 30

Lines and bands are formed from molecules called _____.

Answer 30

Myofilaments or filaments

Question 31

___ filaments that extend the entire length of band A.

Answer 31

Thick

Question 32

____ filaments extend the length of I band and part of A band.

Answer 32

Thin

Question 33

Thick filaments are composed of?

Answer 33

Protein myosin

Question 34

Thin filaments are composed of?

Answer 34

Protein actin.

Question 35

This has a long tail, hinge and 2 heads. The heads bind thick filaments to thin filaments.

Answer 35

Myosin

Question 36

Actin has 2 components.

Answer 36

1. Tropomyosin

2. Troponin

Question 37

This is a thin wire like protein to help stiffen actin.

Answer 37

Tropomyosin

Question 38

This controls actin myosin interaction.

Answer 38

Troponin

Question 39

This is composed of thin very long protein called titin?

Answer 39

Elastic filaments

Question 40

This holds thick filaments in place and allows muscle fibers to spring back to original shape.

Answer 40

Titin

Question 41

This holds thick filaments in place and allows muscle fibers to spring back to original shape.

Answer 41

Titin

Question 42

This regulates intracellular levels of calcium. Big storehouse of calcium.

Answer 42

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 43

Without calcium muscle fibers cannot what?

Answer 43

Contract

Question 44

These are large perpendicular channels at A band-I band junctions. HOlds calcium and sits where red and blue thick and thin filaments overlap.There is always 2- one on either side of a tube.

Answer 44

terminal cisternae

Question 45

These are tubes of sarcolemma at the terminal cisternae, without them muscle will not contract.

Answer 45

T-tubules

Question 46

2 terminals and a t tube are called.

Answer 46

Triad.

Question 47

What happens during contraction?

Answer 47

The myosin heads of the thick filament attach to the thin filaments and pull them toward the center. The sarcomere gets shorter.