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Neuroscience (By Chapter) > Ch. 9: Autonomic NS > Flashcards

Ch. 9: Autonomic NS Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A
  • secrete epinephrine into blood for widespread distribution
  • (bost ganglionic neuron very short)
  • Adrenal medulla is ganglia
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2
Q

Control Neuron somas in_____. (PNS)

A

medulla and pons

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3
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Preganglionic: fast, quick response

Postganglionic: slow prolonged response

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4
Q

metabolism

A

Sympathetic: increase metabolism/uses energy
Parasymp: decrease metab/store energy

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5
Q

Mm Blood Flow

A

Symp: increase/decrease (capacitance/shunt)
Parasymp: N/A

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6
Q

Afferent Pathways

A
  • Spinal Nerves (anterolateral column–visceral info)

- cranial Nn (VII, IX, X–from deep viscera)

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7
Q

Autonomic NT

A

Cholinergics (Ach)

Adrenergics (NE, Epi)

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8
Q

Control Areas

A

Cell Bodies in pons/medulla and send axons to spinal cord

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9
Q

Outlying ganglia

A

-ganglia out near target organs

abdominal and pelvic organs

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10
Q

Functions of sympathetic NS

A
  1. reg temp
  2. reg blood flow to Mm
  3. reg vision
  4. Salivary glands-thicker saliva
  5. Reg HR and contractility
  6. Reg Air exchange
  7. Reg GI, bowel, bladder
  8. Reg metab
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11
Q

different receptors on different tissues allow____

A

sympathetic NT to act differently

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12
Q

Synergistic Effects

SNS/PNS

A
  • HR
  • Bowel/Bladder
  • Iris of eye
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13
Q

2 components of ANS

A

Sympathetic NS

Parasympathetic NS

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14
Q

Sympathetic NS

A
  • thoracolumbar outflow
  • fight/flight
  • uses energy
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15
Q

4 receptors of ANS

A
  • Mechanoreceptors (pressure/stretch)
  • chemoreceptors (chemical environment)
  • nociceptors (stretch/ischemia)
  • thermoreceptors (hypothalamus/cutaneous temp)
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16
Q

central regulation of visceral function

A
  • control areas (medulla/pons)

- modulatory areas (hypothal, thal, limbic)

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17
Q

Modulatory areas

A
  • cell bodies in thal, hypothal, limbic

- send axons down to pons/medulla

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18
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A
  • Damage to cervical paravertebral ganglia

- -drooping eyelid, pupil constriction, flushing, abscense of sweating (no sympathetic work)

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19
Q

Cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in___

PNS

A
  • Nuclei of cranial Nn (III, VII, IX, X)

- lateral horn of spinal cord from S2-S4

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20
Q

–Sympathetic NS–
Control cell bodies:
Control Axons:

A

Bodies: pons/medulla
Axons: descending spinal cord in lateral columns

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21
Q

HR/contractility

A

Symp: increase HR/contractility
Parasymp: decrease HR, no effect on contractility

22
Q

Vision

A

Symp: dilate pupil, elevate eyelid, increase far vision
Parasymp: constrict pupil, increase convexity of lens, increase near vision

23
Q

Cell bodies of postganglionic neurons in____

PNS

A

peripheral ganglia near organs they innervate

24
Q

Damage to spinal region

A

only affect PNS if in S2-S4

25
Q

Ant:
Post:
Lat:

A

Ant: motor
Post: Sensory
Lat: autonomic

26
Q

Air Exchange

A

Symp: dilate airways
Parasymp: constrict airways

27
Q

Cell bodies of preganlionic neurons in____

SNS

A

Lateral horn of spinal cord T1-L2

28
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Symp: increase thickness
Parasymp: thin saliva (start of digestion)

29
Q

Adrenergics

A

Preganglionic symp: (NE, to target organ)

Adrenal Medulla: (Epi, into bloodstream)

30
Q

Post-ganglionic

A
  • cell bodies in peripheral ganglion

- send axons from ganglion to visceral organ

31
Q

Syncope

A
  • Vasopressor Syncope
  • —sudden emotion causes dilation of vessels and decreased BP
  • Vasovagal syncope
  • —Above plus PNS slows HR
  • Postural (orthostatic) hypotension
  • —ANS malfunction and doesn’t constrict venules upon rising

-Decreased CO–>decreased BP

32
Q

If peripheral nerve damaged:

A
  • only sympathetic system effected

- –>decreased tissue health, change in Mm strength and sensation

33
Q

Autonomic NS: peripheral pathway

A

2 neurons

34
Q

Autonomic NS: Termination

A

everything but Mm fibers

35
Q

Autonomic NS: control

A

-unconscious

36
Q

Autonomic NS: myelination and neuron size

A

preganglionic: myelinated
Postganglionic: not
Size: pregang=B, postgang=C

37
Q

Cell bodies of postganglionic neurons in____

SNS

A

paravertebral ganglia
outlying ganglia
adrenal medulla

38
Q

paravertebral ganglia

A
  • string of pearls all up and down spinal cord

- symp neurons only exit at levels T1-L2

39
Q

Preganglionic

A
  • cell bodies in brain stem/spinal cord

- send axons outside to ganglion

40
Q

tests of Autonomic function

A

-checking for orthostatic hypotension

41
Q

GI, Bowel, Bladder

A

symp: decrease activity
Parasymp: empty bowel/bladder, increase peristalsis

42
Q

body temp

A

Symp: increase/decrease (metab, shunt, sweat)
Parasymp: n/a

43
Q

Unopposed effects

SNS/PNS

A

SNS: blood vessels, sweat glands, contractility of heart

PNS: lense of eye, external genitalia

44
Q

Somatic NS: Peripheral Pathway

A

1 neuron

45
Q

Somatic NS: termination

A

skeletal muscle fibers

46
Q

Somatic NS: control

A

conscious control

47
Q

Somatic NS: myelination and neuron size

A 
thick myelin (A-alpha
Size: large, A-Alpha
48
Q

Parasympathetic NS

A
  • craniosacral outflow
  • rest, digest, feed, breed
  • stores energy
49
Q

Central axons for sacral segments____

PNS

A

descending in lateral column of spinal cord

50
Q

Efferent pathways

A
  • Sympathetic System (pre/postganglionic)

- Parasymp (pre/postganglionic)

51
Q

Connections of visceral afferents in spinal Nn

A
  • to brainstem, hypothal, thal (anterolat column; autoresponse to pain
  • somatosensory nociception afferents (referred pain)
  • visceral efferents (inhibit organ function to protect)
  • Somatic efferents (muscle guarding to protect organ)

Neuroscience (By Chapter) (21 decks)

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