Ch. 8 -- Photosynthesis

Question 1

The compound used by cells to store and release energy in order for the cells to do mechanical functions

Answer 1

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Question 2

ATP consists of what 3 things?

Answer 2

an adenine
a 5 sugar called ribose
3 phosphate groups

Question 3

What happens to the bonds between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups - creating ATP?

Answer 3

the bonds are broken

Question 4

Biochemical Energy powers movements through providing power to what?

Answer 4

muscles and other structures

Question 5

ATP is a great way of transferring energy but it’s not good at what?

Answer 5

storing large amounts of energy over long periods of time

Question 6

How do Heterotrophs obtain energy to make ATP?

Answer 6

these organisms obtain food by consuming other living things

Question 7

How do Autotrophs obtain energy to make ATP?

Answer 7

these organisms are capable of making their own food

Question 8

Nearly all food in all food molecules comes from what?

Answer 8

the sun made by plants, algae, and bacteria

Question 9

Autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to do what?

Answer 9

produce high energy carbohydrates - sugars and starches - that can be used as food

Question 10

what are photosynthetic pigments?

Answer 10

light absorbing molecules

Question 11

where are chlorophyll pigments? (see chloroplast figure on figure sheet (figure 4))

Answer 11

thylakoid membranes

Question 12

What does chlorophyll do?

Answer 12

it absorbs light energy causing the electrons to become energized

Question 13

a compound that can accept a pair of high energy electrons and transfer them, along with most of their energy to another molecule

Answer 13

Electron Carrier (NADP+)

Question 14

What can NADP+ do?

Answer 14

accepts and holds 2 high energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion

Question 15

When NADP+ accepts and holds 2 high energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion, it turn NADP+ into NADPH trapping what?

Answer 15

trapping some of the energy of sunlight into chemical form

Question 16

What does photosynthesis do?

Answer 16

uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy 6 carbon sugars and oxygen

Question 17

what are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Answer 17

water and carbon dioxide

Question 18

what are the products of photosynthesis?

Answer 18

sugars and oxygen

Question 19

What are the products of Light Dependent Reaction?

Answer 19

Oxygen, ATP, NADPH

Question 20

what are the products of Light Independent Reaction?

Answer 20

glucose, NADP+, ADP+ (p)

Question 21

where does light dependent reaction take place?

Answer 21

thylakoid membranes

Question 22

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 22

6CO(2) + 6H(2)O —> C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2)

Question 23

Write the balanced photosynthetic equation in words:

Answer 23

The photosynthetic equation is six carbon molecules reacting with six water molecules using the sun’s energy in the presence of chlorophyll to produce one molecule of glucose and six molecules of oxygen

Question 24

LDR uses energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and convert ADP and NADP+ into what?

Answer 24

the energy carriers ATP and NADPH

Question 25

what is Photosystem II?

Answer 25

clusters of chlorophyll and proteins in the thylakoid membranes

Question 26

movement of the H+ ions across the membrane causes the ATP synthase to spin and bind a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP

Answer 26

Chemiosmosis

Question 27

LIR uses ATP and NADPH from LDR to create what and where?

Answer 27

high energy sugars in the stroma of the chloroplasts

Question 28

ATP and NADPH from LDR being used to create high energy sugars in the stroma of the chloroplasts is also known as what?

Answer 28

The Calvin Cycle