Ch. 6 General Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

The study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures is called:

Answer 1

physiology

Question 2

Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called______________in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water are present.

Answer 2

protoplasm

Question 3

In addition to the protoplasm, the principal parts of the cell are the:

Answer 3

nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane

Question 4

The cell structure that plays an important role in cell reproduction is the:

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

Protoplasm is to raw egg white as____________is to raw egg yolk.

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

The watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus of the cell is the:

Answer 6

cytoplasm

Question 7

The part of the cell that permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell is called the:

Answer 7

cell membrane

Question 8

The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells is known as:

Answer 8

mitosis

Question 9

Cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as they are favored with the proper temperature, they can eliminate waste products, and they are supplied with an adequate supply of:

Answer 9

food, oxygen, and water

Question 10

Collections of similar cells that perform a particular function are called:

Answer 10

tissues

Question 11

Tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body is called___________tissue.

Answer 11

Connective

Question 12

What type of tissue protects and insulates the body?

Answer 12

Adipose tissue

Question 13

What is the protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, or linings of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands?

Answer 13

Epithelial tissue

Question 14

What type of tissue carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions?

Answer 14

Nerve

Question 15

Structures of the body that perform specific functions are known as:

Answer 15

organs

Question 16

Groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions are known as:

Answer 16

systems

Question 17

Body systems are arranged to form an:

Answer 17

organism

Question 18

The stomach and intestines are part of the ____________system.

Answer 18

digestive

Question 19

The skeletal system consists of:

Answer 19

bones

Question 20

A_________is the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton.

Answer 20

Joint

Question 21

The cranium is made up of how many bones?

Answer 21

Eight

Question 22

The hindmost bone of the skull is the__________bone.

Answer 22

occipital

Question 23

The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are the __________bones.

Answer 23

parietal

Question 24

What bone form the forehead?

Answer 24

Frontal

Question 25

The bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region are the___________bones.

Answer 25

temporal

Question 26

The light spongy bone between the eye sockets is the _____________bone.

Answer 26

ethmoid

Question 27

The bones of the upper jaw are called:

Answer 27

maxillae

Question 28

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the:

Answer 28

mandible

Question 29

The large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder is the:

Answer 29

scapula

Question 30

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm is the:

Answer 30

humerus

Question 31

The three parts of a muscle are the:

Answer 31

origin, insertion, and belly

Question 32

The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull is called the:

Answer 32

epicranius

Question 33

Which muscle of the scalp raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead?

Answer 33

frontalis

Question 34

The tendon that connects the occipitalis and the frontalis is the:

Answer 34

epicranial aponeurosis

Question 35

The broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin, and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip, is called the__________muscle.

Answer 35

platysma

Question 36

The muscle that rotates and lowers the head is called the______________muscle.

Answer 36

sternocleidomastoideus

Question 37

Muscles represent about________________percent of the body's total weight.

Answer 37

40 to 50

Question 38

Which muscle enables the eyes to close?

Answer 38

Orbicularis oculi

Question 39

The muscle that draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is the:

Answer 39

corrugator

Question 40

Which muscle covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose?

Answer 40

Procerus

Question 41

The thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips is the ___________muscle.

Answer 41

buccinator

Question 42

Which muscle of the mouth draws the corner of the mouth out and back, as when grinning?

Answer 42

Risorius

Question 43

The muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, lift the forearm, and flex the elbow are:

Answer 43

biceps

Question 44

The large, thick triangular-shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward is called the:

Answer 44

deltoid

Question 45

The muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and the fingers to form a straight line are called:

Answer 45

extensors

Question 46

The muscles that turn the radius outward and the palm upward are the:

Answer 46

supinators

Question 47

The muscles that separate the fingers are called:

Answer 47

abductors

Question 48

The muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes is the:

Answer 48

extensor digitorum longus

Question 49

Sensory nerves are also called__________nerves.

Answer 49

afferent

Question 50

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage?

Answer 50

Ophthalmic nerve

Question 51

The sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand is the __________nerve.

Answer 51

radial

Question 52

Pain from injury or compression of the__________nerve can radiate throughout the abdomen and be sensed in the lower back, hip, or lower abdomen.

Answer 52

sciatic

Question 53

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?

Answer 53

Sural nerve

Question 54

Another name for the circulatory system is the _____________system.

Answer 54

cardiovascular

Question 55

_________________are thick-walled, muscular, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Answer 55

Arteries

Question 56

The tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials are known as:

Answer 56

capillaries

Question 57

Thin-walled blood vessels that contain cup-like valves that keep blood flowing in one direction to the heart and prevent blood from flowing backward are called:

Answer 57

veins

Question 58

Blood is approximately______________percent water

Answer 58

80

Question 59

which artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear?

Answer 59

Internal carotid artery

Question 60

Lymph nodes filer the lymphatic vessels, which helps:

Answer 60

fight infection

Question 61

The integumentary system consists of the skin and________________glands.

Answer 61

sweat

Question 62

Secretions that stimulate functional activity or other secretions in the body are called:

Answer 62

hormones

Question 63

What gland affects almost every physiologic process of the body?

Answer 63

Pituitary

Question 64

What gland controls how quickly energy is burned?

Answer 64

Thyroid

Question 65

The primary hormone produced by the female reproductive system is:

Answer 65

estrogen