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Ch. 14 Principle of Hair Design > Ch. 6 General Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

Ch. 6 General Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the functions and activities performed by the body’s structures is called:

A

physiology

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2
Q

Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called______________in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water are present.

A

protoplasm

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3
Q

In addition to the protoplasm, the principal parts of the cell are the:

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane

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4
Q

The cell structure that plays an important role in cell reproduction is the:

A

nucleus

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5
Q

Protoplasm is to raw egg white as____________is to raw egg yolk.

A

nucleus

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6
Q

The watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus of the cell is the:

A

cytoplasm

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7
Q

The part of the cell that permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell is called the:

A

cell membrane

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8
Q

The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells is known as:

A

mitosis

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9
Q

Cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as they are favored with the proper temperature, they can eliminate waste products, and they are supplied with an adequate supply of:

A

food, oxygen, and water

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10
Q

Collections of similar cells that perform a particular function are called:

A

tissues

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11
Q

Tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body is called___________tissue.

A

Connective

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12
Q

What type of tissue protects and insulates the body?

A

Adipose tissue

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13
Q

What is the protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, or linings of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands?

A

Epithelial tissue

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14
Q

What type of tissue carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions?

A

Nerve

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15
Q

Structures of the body that perform specific functions are known as:

A

organs

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16
Q

Groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions are known as:

A

systems

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17
Q

Body systems are arranged to form an:

A

organism

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18
Q

The stomach and intestines are part of the ____________system.

A

digestive

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19
Q

The skeletal system consists of:

A

bones

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20
Q

A_________is the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton.

A

Joint

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21
Q

The cranium is made up of how many bones?

A

Eight

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22
Q

The hindmost bone of the skull is the__________bone.

A

occipital

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23
Q

The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are the __________bones.

A

parietal

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24
Q

What bone form the forehead?

A

Frontal

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25
Q

The bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region are the___________bones.

A

temporal

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26
Q

The light spongy bone between the eye sockets is the _____________bone.

A

ethmoid

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27
Q

The bones of the upper jaw are called:

A

maxillae

28
Q

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the:

A

mandible

29
Q

The large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder is the:

A

scapula

30
Q

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm is the:

A

humerus

31
Q

The three parts of a muscle are the:

A

origin, insertion, and belly

32
Q

The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull is called the:

A

epicranius

33
Q

Which muscle of the scalp raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead?

A

frontalis

34
Q

The tendon that connects the occipitalis and the frontalis is the:

A

epicranial aponeurosis

35
Q

The broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin, and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip, is called the__________muscle.

A

platysma

36
Q

The muscle that rotates and lowers the head is called the______________muscle.

A

sternocleidomastoideus

37
Q

Muscles represent about________________percent of the body’s total weight.

A

40 to 50

38
Q

Which muscle enables the eyes to close?

A

Orbicularis oculi

39
Q

The muscle that draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is the:

A

corrugator

40
Q

Which muscle covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose?

A

Procerus

41
Q

The thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips is the ___________muscle.

A

buccinator

42
Q

Which muscle of the mouth draws the corner of the mouth out and back, as when grinning?

A

Risorius

43
Q

The muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, lift the forearm, and flex the elbow are:

A

biceps

44
Q

The large, thick triangular-shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward is called the:

A

deltoid

45
Q

The muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and the fingers to form a straight line are called:

A

extensors

46
Q

The muscles that turn the radius outward and the palm upward are the:

A

supinators

47
Q

The muscles that separate the fingers are called:

A

abductors

48
Q

The muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes is the:

A

extensor digitorum longus

49
Q

Sensory nerves are also called__________nerves.

A

afferent

50
Q

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage?

A

Ophthalmic nerve

51
Q

The sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand is the __________nerve.

A

radial

52
Q

Pain from injury or compression of the__________nerve can radiate throughout the abdomen and be sensed in the lower back, hip, or lower abdomen.

A

sciatic

53
Q

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?

A

Sural nerve

54
Q

Another name for the circulatory system is the _____________system.

A

cardiovascular

55
Q

_________________are thick-walled, muscular, flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

A

Arteries

56
Q

The tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials are known as:

A

capillaries

57
Q

Thin-walled blood vessels that contain cup-like valves that keep blood flowing in one direction to the heart and prevent blood from flowing backward are called:

A

veins

58
Q

Blood is approximately______________percent water

A

80

59
Q

which artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear?

A

Internal carotid artery

60
Q

Lymph nodes filer the lymphatic vessels, which helps:

A

fight infection

61
Q

The integumentary system consists of the skin and________________glands.

A

sweat

62
Q

Secretions that stimulate functional activity or other secretions in the body are called:

A

hormones

63
Q

What gland affects almost every physiologic process of the body?

A

Pituitary

64
Q

What gland controls how quickly energy is burned?

A

Thyroid

65
Q

The primary hormone produced by the female reproductive system is:

A

estrogen

Ch. 14 Principle of Hair Design (35 decks)

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