Ch. 21 Haircoloring Flashcards
The cuticle of the hair protects the interior cortex layer and contributes up to__________percent to the overall strength of the hair.
20
The cortex, or middle layer, of the hair gives strength and elasticity and contributes about_______percent to the overall strength of the hair.
80
Hair texture is determined by the ______of the individual hair strand.
diameter
The number of hairs per square inch on the head is most related to the hair’s:
density
Permed, colored, chemically relaxed, and straightened hair will have a ________degree of porosity.
high
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as:
porosity
The melanin that gives black and brown color to hair is known as:
eumelanin
The melanin found in red hair is known as:
pheomelanin
The method used to analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color, whether natural or artificial, is called:
the level system
The predominant tonality of an existing color is referred to as a:
base color
What system is used to understand the relationship among colors?
the law of color
Which of the following are considered the pure or fundamental colors(red, yellow, and blue) that cannot be created by combining other colors?
Primary
Colors with a predominance of blue are considered to be_________tones.
cool
Colors with a predominance of red are considered to be______tones.
warm
Colors achieved by mixing equal parts of two primary colors are called_____________colors.
secondary
Equal parts of blue and yellow mixed together create:
green
Equal parts of red and yellow mixed together create:
orange
Equal parts of red and blue mixed together create:
Violet
Which of the following is an intermediate color achieved by mixing a secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel in equal amounts?
Tertiary
Primary and secondary colors that are positioned directly opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be:
complementary
Which of the following describes the warmth or coolness of a color?
tone
The strength of a color is referred to as:
intensity
Haircoloring products fall into four categories: temporary, semipermanent, __________,________
permanent and demipermanent
What product is used to raise the cuticle of the hair so that tint can penetrate into the cortex?
Alkalizing agent
Which type of haircolor product uses the largest pigment molecules?
Temporary
Colored mousses and gels are included in which haircolor category?
Temporary
The haircolor that partially penetrates the hair shaft and stains the cuticle layer, slowly fading with each shampoo, is known as:
semipermanent
Haircolor that is ideal for covering unpigmented hair, refreshing faded permanent color, depositing tonal changes without lifting, and corrective coloring is:
demipermanent
Haircolor that remains in the hair shaft and cannot be easily shampooed out is called:
permanent
The tint formula in permanent haircolor contains uncolored dye___________, or aniline derivatives, which are small compounds that can diffuse into the hair shaft.
precursors
What product is a combination of equal parts of a permanent color mixture and shampoo that is used during the last five minutes of a haircolor service?
Soap cap
What is an example of a natural or vegetable haircolor obtained from the leaves or bark of plants?
Henna
Metallic haircolors are also called__________colors.
gradual
A__________is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation haircolor, supplies the necessary oxygen gas to develop color molecules and create a change in hair color.
developer
What is the most commonly used developer in haircolor?
Hydrogen peroxide
The measure of the potential oxidation of varying strengths of hydrogen peroxide is:
volume
Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural hair pigment are:
lighten
When arranging for a haircolor service consultation,__________walls are recommended.
white or neutral
To some degree, the___________is designed to protect the school or salon owner from responsibility for accidents or damages.
release statement
Permanent haircolor is applied by either the bowl-and-brush method or with an:
applicator bottle
The U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a patch test, also called a_______ test, be given 24 to 48 hours prior to an application of aniline haircolor.
predisposition
The preliminary strand test will tell you how the hair will react to the color formula and indicate:
processing time
A process that lightens and colors hair in a single application is known as:
single-process haircoloring
A non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair is called a:
glaze
What is the visible line that separates colored hair from new growth?
Line of demarcation
What are the three types of hair lighteners?
Oil, cream, and powder
What is added to hydrogen peroxide to increase or lifting power?
Activator
Which type of lightener is not used directly on the scalp?
Quick
Porous hair of the same color level will lighten faster than hair that is nonporous, because the lightening agent can enter the__________more rapidly.
cortex
A_____________lightener is generally used for a lightener retouch because its consistency helps prevent overlapping of previously lightened hair.
cream
The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is called reverse highlighting or:
lowlighting
The two methods of parting hair for a foil technique are:
slicing and weaving
The free-form technique of hair painting is also called:
baliage
A product prepared by combining permanent haircolor, hydrogen peroxide, and shampoo is:
highlighting shampoo
The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as:
pre-softening
What is the first and most important guideline when color services do not turn out as planned or expected?
Do not panic
__________are specialized preparations designed to help equalize porosity and deposit a base color in on application.
Fillers
One safety precaution in haircoloring is to never apply tint if___________are present.
abrasions
When applying haircoloring products, always follow:
the manufactrurer’s directions
A patch test is generally conducted behind the ear or on the:
inside of the elbow
