Ch. 12 Basics of Chemistry

Question 1

Organic chemistry is the study of all substances containing:

Answer 1

carbon

Question 2

The branch of chemistry that deals with products without carbon is called:

Answer 2

inorganic chemistry

Question 3

What term refers to anything that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties, and exists in a solid, liquid, or gas form?

Answer 3

Matter

Question 4

Everything known to exist in the universe is either made of matter or___________, which does not occupy space or have mass.

Answer 4

Energy

Question 5

Substances that cannot be reduced to simpler substances are called:

Answer 5

elements

Question 6

What is the basic unit of matter that cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means?

Answer 6

Atom

Question 7

When two or more atoms are joined together chemically, a___________is created.

Answer 7

molecule

Question 8

Which substance is an example of an elemental molecule?

Answer 8

Ozone

Question 9

A new substance formed by chemically combining two or more atoms of different elements is known as a:

Answer 9

compound

Question 10

All matter exists in one of three different physical forms: solid, liquid, and:

Answer 10

gas

Question 11

When one chemical changes its state of matter, the change is called a:

Answer 11

physical change

Question 12

What type of change occurs when ice melts and becomes water?

Answer 12

Physical

Question 13

When a substance gains oxygen, the substance is:

Answer 13

oxidized

Question 14

Redox is also known as:

Answer 14

oxidation-reduction

Question 15

A chemical reaction in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance is called a:

Answer 15

reduction reaction

Question 16

A substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound is known as a:

Answer 16

reducing agent

Question 17

A combination of substances that are held together by physical rather than chemical ties is known as a:

Answer 17

physical mixture

Question 18

What is made when salt is dissolved in water?

Answer 18

Solution

Question 19

In creating a solution, the liquid used to dissolve a substance is called the:

Answer 19

solvent

Question 20

Because it has the ability to dissolve more substances than any other solvent, ___________is known as a universal solvent.

Answer 20

water

Question 21

Liquids that mix easily are known as___________

Answer 21

miscible

Question 22

Nail polish containing glitter is an unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid, which is known as a:

Answer 22

suspension

Question 23

A mixture of two or more substances that are united with the aid of a binder is a:

Answer 23

emulsion

Question 24

Substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify are:

Answer 24

surfactants

Question 25

The head of a surfactant molecule is_____________, meaning water-loving.

Answer 25

hydrophilic

Question 26

The tail of a surfactant molecule is______________, meaning oil-loving.

Answer 26

lipophilic

Question 27

What is a special type of oil used in nail polish dryers and as a skin protectant?

Answer 27

Silicone

Question 28

The separating of a substance into ions is known as:

Answer 28

ionization

Question 29

Only products that contain_______can have a pH.

Answer 29

water

Question 30

Pure water with a pH of seven is considered to be:

Answer 30

neutral

Question 31

A product with a pH of 8.9 is considered:

Answer 31

alkaline

Question 32

Another name for alkalis is:

Answer 32

bases

Question 33

When acids and alkalies are mixed together in equal proportions, they_______each other.

Answer 33

neutralize