Ch 6 Flashcards
Actinomyces
Description is ?
➢ Branching Non-Spore-Forming Gram-Positive Rods.
➢ facultatively or strictly anaerobic
➢ Develop delicate filamentous forms resembling fungi
➢ True bacteria (lack mitochondria & nuclear
membrane, reproduce by fission)
➢ Non-acid fast
➢ More than 50 species identified
➢ Almost all species are commensals of the mouth and
have a narrow temperature range of growth of around
35–37°C
No person-to-person transmission; infections are ?
endogenous
Cervicofacial Actinomycosis is ?
▪ Most common type
▪ Associated with poor oral hygiene, dental procedures, or oral trauma
Cervicofacial Actinomycosis symptoms is ?
swelling, fibrosis, scarring, and draining sinus tracts along the jaw/neck
((lumpy jaw)
Thoracic Actinomycosis is ?
Nonspecific symptoms; can form lung abscesses and spread to adjacent tissues
Abdominal Actinomycosis is ?
Can spread throughout the abdomen and involve multiple organs
Pelvic Actinomycosis ?
Can manifest as vaginitis, tubo ovarian abscesses, or ureteral obstruction
CNS Actinomycosis is ?
▪ Most commonly presents as a solitary brain abscess
▪ Can also cause meningitis, subdural empyema, or epidural abscess
Actinomycosis Difficult to confirm due to ?
contamination from normal
flora
Actinomycosis gram staine be ?
thin, gram-positive branching rods at granule
periphery
Actinomycosis Colony morphology be ?
white, domed surface, resembling a
molar tooth
first-line treatment in Actinomycosis is ?
Penicillin
Carbapenems, macrolides, and clindamycin also effective to treatment ?
Actinomycosis
Actinomycosis Resistant to ?
metronidazole, variable response to tetracyclines
Type of Actinomyces is ?
A.naeslundii , A.meyeri , A.odontolyticus and A.viscosus
All type of Actinomyces causes dental plaque and caries excepted ?
A.meyeri
Distinguishing Features of NOCARDIA is ?
Strict aerobic; Gram-positive branching rods (some areas of smear will be
blue and some red; partially acid fast)
▪ Resembles fungi but has bacterial cell wall properties
Nocardia infections are ?
exogenous
ليش ال Nocardia بتنتج ال catalase and superoxide dismutase ؟
إبطال مفعول المواد القاتلة التي تفرزها خلايا المناعة.
to neutralize oxidative burst
من هي البكتيريا التي تسبب Cavitary bronchopulmonary nocardiosis ؟
N. asteroides
ممكن يكون ال Cavitary bronchopulmonary nocardiosis ؟
acute, subacute, chronic
Symptoms of Cavitary bronchopulmonary nocardiosis is ?
cough, fever, dyspnea, localized or diffuse pneumonia with cavitation
and nodules
Cutaneous/subcutaneous nocardiosis causes by ?
N. brasiliensis
Symptoms of Cutaneous/subcutaneous nocardiosis is ?
cellulitis with swelling can lead to draining subcutaneous
abscesses with granules (mycetoma or Madura foot )
