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Anatomy&Physiology > Ch. 5 Integumentary System Intro Vocab > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Integumentary System Intro Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Integument

A
  • Accounts for 16% of total body weight
  • ~2m^2 area
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2
Q

What are the two main components of integumentary system?

A
  1. Cutaneous Membrane (skin)
  • Epidermis (superficial epithelium)
  • Dermis (underlying connective tissues)
  1. Accessory Structures
  • hair, nails, multicellular exocrine glands.
  • Located primarily in dermis; protude through epidermis to skin surface
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3
Q

Hypodermis

A

Superficial fascia, subcutaneous layer

  • NOT PART OF THE INTEGUMENT
  • Separates from integument from the deep fascia around other organs
  • Connective tissue fibers interwoven with the dermis - no distinct border
  • Composed of areolar and adipose tissue
  • Blood reservoir: Only superficial region contains arteries and veins. Substantial amount of blood from venous circulation, shifts into general circulation if veins constrict
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4
Q

What are the general functions of skin and hypodermis?

A
  1. Protection
    * Impact, abrasion, fluid loss, chemical attack
    * Melanin - UV protection
    * Keratin - water repellant, abrasion
  2. Excretion
  3. Maintenance of body temperature
  4. Vitamin D3 synthesis
  5. Lipid storage
  6. Detection (‘general senses’)
    touch, pressure, pain, temperature
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5
Q

subcutaneous injection

A

The deeper hypodermis has limited capillaries and no vital organs, making it a useful area to adminster drugs.

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6
Q

liposuction

A

removes subcutaneous adipose tissue. If diet is not changed, areolar tissue will convert to adipose tissue.

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7
Q

scab

A

blood clot; forms at the surface to temporarily restore integrity of epidermis and protect the area

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8
Q

What are the steps of integument repair?

A
  1. Inflammatory phase
  2. Migratory phase
  3. Proliferation phase
  4. Maturation phase
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9
Q

First degree burn

A
  • Partial thickness burn
  • Epidermal damage only
  • localized redness, edema, pain
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10
Q

Second degree burn

A
  • Partial-thickness burn
  • Epidermal and upper dermal damage
  • Blisters appear
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11
Q

Third Degree Burn

A
  • Entire thickness damaged
  • Gray-white, cherry read, or black
  • Nerves destroyed. No initial edema or pain
  • Skin grafting necessary
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12
Q

Severity of Burns

A
  • Critical if >25% of 2nd degree
  • >10% 3rd degree
  • Face, hands or feet => 3rd
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13
Q

Effects of aging (10)

A
  1. Epidermal thinning
  2. Decreased #s of dendritic cells
  3. Decreased vitamin D3 production
  4. Decreased melanocyte activity
  5. Decreased glandular acivity
  6. Reduced blood supply
  7. Decreased function of hair follicles
  8. Reduction of elastic fibers
  9. Decreased hormone level
  10. Slower repair rate
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14
Q

Granulation tissue

A

The combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and an extensive capillary network that cover damaged skin.

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15
Q

Scar Tissue

A

Produced by fibroblasts

Granulation tissue is replaced by skin with an abnormally large number of collagen fibers and few blood vessels. Scar tissue is :

inflexible

fibrous

non-cellular

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16
Q

Repair to Integument

A
  1. Inflammatory phase
    *Bleeding and inflammation triggered by mast cells
  2. Migratory phase
    *Stratum basale cells migrate along edge of wound
    * Phagocytic cells remove debris
  3. Proliferation phase
    * Epidermal cells migrate over meshwork produced by fibroblast activity
    * Fibrin clot is breaking up
  4. Maturation phase
    * Fibroblasts in dermis continue to produce scar tissue
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17
Q

carbuncle

A

Medical term for multiple boils. A skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles; deep in skin

18
Q

comedo

A

medical term for blackhead

19
Q

furuncle

A

Medical term for boil. Skin infection involving the entire hair follicle and nearbly skin.

20
Q

gangrene

A

dead or dying body tissue because local blood supply is lost or inadequate

21
Q

impetigo

A

infection of the surface of the skin caused by staphylococcus and streptococcus

22
Q

nevus

A

a benign pigment on skin, such as a mole

23
Q

onycholysis

A

nail disorder characterized by a spontaneous separation of the nail plate, starting at the distal free margin progressing proximally

24
Q

porphyria

A

a rare hereditary disease in which the blood pigment hemoglobin is abnormally metabolized. Porphyrins are excreted in the urine, making it dark. Also mental disturbances and extreme skin sensitivity to light

25
Q

rosacea

A

a condition in which facial blood vessels enlarge, giving a flushed appearance

26
Q

scleroderma

A

idiopathic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue

27
Q

tinea

A

ringworm

28
Q

uticaria

A

hives

29
Q

Medical term for multiple boils. A skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles; deep in skin

A

carbuncle

30
Q

medical term for blackhead

A

comedo

31
Q

Medical term for boil. Skin infection involving the entire hair follicle and nearbly skin.

A

furuncle

32
Q

dead or dying body tissue because local blood supply is lost or inadequate

A

gangrene

33
Q

infection of the surface of the skin caused by staphylococcus and streptococcus

A

impetigo

34
Q

a benign pigment on skin, such as a mole

A

nevus

35
Q

nail disorder characterized by a spontaneous separation of the nail plate, starting at the distal free margin progressing proximally

A

onycholysis

36
Q

a rare hereditary disease in which the blood pigment hemoglobin is abnormally metabolized. Porphyrins are excreted in the urine, making it dark. Also mental disturbances and extreme skin sensitivity to light

A

porphyria

37
Q

a condition in which facial blood vessels enlarge, giving a flushed appearance

A

rosacea

38
Q

idiopathic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue

A

scleroderma

39
Q

ringworm

A

tinea

40
Q

hives

A

uticaria

Anatomy&Physiology (21 decks)

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