Ch. 4.6 Tissue Membranes

Question 1

What are the four tissue membranes?

Answer 1

1. Mucous membranes
2. Serous membranes
3. Cutaneous membranes
4. Synovial membranes

Question 2

What is common about tissue membranes?

Answer 2

1. Line or cover body surfaces
2. Consist of an epithelial layer supported by connective tissue

Question 3

Mucous membranes

Answer 3

Line passageways and chambers that communicate with the exterior. Must be kept most to reduce friction and/or faciliate absorption & secretion

E.g. digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary tracts

Question 4

Lamina propia

Answer 4

The areolar tissue component of a mucous membrane.

Question 5

Serous membranes

Answer 5

• Line sealed, internal subdivisions of the ventral body cavity.
• Consists of a mesothelium supported by areolar tissue.
• Very thin, transparent membrane.

Question 6

What are the three types of serous membranes?

Answer 6

1. Pleura - lines pleural cavities and covers lungs
2. Peritoneum - lines peritoneal cavity and covers surfaces of enclosed organs
3. Pericardium - lines pericardial cavity and covers the heart

Question 7

How are serous membranes divided?

Answer 7

1. Parietal portion - lines inner surface fo cavity
2. Serosa (visceral portion) - covers outer surface of visceral organs.

Question 8

What is the primary function of the serous membranes?

Answer 8

• To minimize friction between opposion visceral and parietal surfaces
• Membrane is thin and permeable, fluids diffuse onto the expose surface

Question 9

What is the fluid formed on the surface of a serous membrane?

Answer 9

transudate

Question 10

transudate

Answer 10

What is the fluid formed on the surface of a serous membrane?

Question 11

What is pleuritis?

Answer 11

• inflammation of the pleural cavities. The serous membrane becomes rough, and opposing membranes may scratch.
• Can cause pain or the formation of a fibrous connection that locks membranes together, restricting organ movement
• Instead of fusion, in pleural cavities leads to pleural effusion - fluid accumulation. Caused by a heart condition that elevates BP in vessels of the lungs.

Question 12

What is peritonitis?

Answer 12

• Inflammation of the peritoneum. Potential complication of surgical procedure, liver/kidney disease or heart failure that increases the rate of fluid movement through the lining

Question 13

What is ascites?

Answer 13

The accumulation of peritoneal fluid, causing abdominal swelling

Question 14

Cutaneous Membrane

Answer 14

• Skin
• Consists of stratified squameous epithelium and a layer of areolar tissue
• Reinforced with underlying dense connective tissue.
• Unlike other membranes - thick, water-proof, and usually dry.

Question 15

Synovial Membranes

Answer 15

• Lines the cavities of articulations (joints that connect articulating bone)
• Produces synovial fluid
• Consists of areolar tissue containg a matrix of interwoven collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins
• An incomplete layaer of macrophages and specialized fibroblasts separate areolar tissue from joint cavity - regulate composition of synovial fluid

Question 16

Why is synovial lining not considered true epithelium?

Answer 16

1. Develops within a connective tissue
2. No basement membrane is present
3. Gaps of up to 1 mm separate adjacent cells
4. fluid and solutes contiuously exchanged b/n synovial fluid and capillaries in underlying connective tissue

Question 17

Synovial Fluid

Answer 17

• lubricates space between cartilage of articulated bone.
• Similar in compostion to ground substance of loose connective tissue
• Provides oxyegen and nutrients to chondrocytes of cartilage
• Immobilized joints can undergo degenerative changes to synovial membrane