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Anatomy&Physiology > Ch. 5-7 Hair > Flashcards

Ch. 5-7 Hair Flashcards

1
Q

epidermal derivatives

A

structures that originate from epidermis during development; hair follicles, sebaceous, sweat glands, and nails.

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2
Q

Hair

A

Non-living structures formed in organs called hair follicles

FUNCTIONS:

  1. Protects and insulates
  2. Guards against particles and insects
  3. Sensory receptors
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3
Q

Hair follicle

A
  • Organ
  • Located in the dermis
  • produces non-living hairs
  • wrapped in dense connective tissue sheath
  • base surrounded by sensory nerves (root hair plexus)
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4
Q

root hair plexus

A

sensory nerves that surround the base of each hair follcile

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5
Q

arrector pili

A
  • involuntary smooth muscle
  • extends from papillary layer of dermis to the connective tissue sheath surrounding the hair follicle
  • Causes hair to stand up; goose bumps
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6
Q

hair root

A
  • portion that anchors hair to skin
  • begins at hair bulb and extends distally to the point at which the internal organization of the hair is complete (about halfway to skin surface)
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7
Q

hair shaft

A

portion that can be seen on the surface. Extends from hair root (halfway point) to exposed tip of the hair

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8
Q

club hair

A
  • Term for hair at the end of the growth cycle
  • Not growing
  • Attached to inactive follicle
    • The follicle gets smaller until the connections between the hair matrix and the club hair root break down.
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9
Q

Stages of the hair growth cycle

A

Anagen - growth (2-7 years)

Catagen - transition (2-3 weeks)

Telogen - restive (2-3 months). Bulb is gone.

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10
Q

alopecia

A

baldness

Many causes; senescecent hair follicle can be caused by telomer shortening.

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

hair bulb

A
  • a mass of epitheleal cells that forms a cap that surrounds the hair papilla
  • superficial cells are responsible for producing hair
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13
Q

hair papilla

A
  • a peg of connective tissue containing capillaries and nerves
  • contains melanocytes for hair pigment
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14
Q

hair matrix

A
  • layer superficial cells of the hair bulb that are responsible for producing hair
  • basal cells near the center divide, producing daughter cells pushed to the surface
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15
Q

medulla

A
  • Core of hair; formed by daughter cells closest to the center of the hair matrix
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16
Q

cortex

A

middle layer of of the hair matrix

17
Q

cuticle

A

cells at the edges of the hair matrix

18
Q

Hair Follicle Structure

A
  1. Internal root sheath
  2. External root sheath
  3. Glassy membrane
  4. Connective tissue sheath
19
Q

lanugo

A

hairs that first appear ~3 months of embryonic development. Fine and unpigmented.

20
Q

vellus hairs

A
  1. Soft, fine
  2. covers body surface
21
Q

terminal hairs

A
  1. heavy, pigmented
  2. head, eyebrows, lashes
  3. other parts converted from vellus hairs after puberty
22
Q
  • Organ
  • Located in the dermis
  • produces non-living hairs
  • wrapped in dense connective tissue sheath
  • base surrounded by sensory nerves (root hair plexus)
A

Hair follicle

23
Q

sensory nerves that surround the base of each hair follcile

A

root hair plexus

24
Q
  • involuntary smooth muscle
  • extends from papillary layer of dermis to the connective tissue sheath surrounding the hair follicle
  • Causes hair to stand up; goose bumps
A

arrector pili

25
Q
  • portion that anchors hair to skin
  • begins at hair bulb and extends distally to the point at which the internal organization of the hair is complete (about halfway to skin surface)
26
Q

portion that can be seen on the surface. Extends from hair root (halfway point) to exposed tip of the hair

A

hair shaft

27
Q
  • Term for hair at the end of the growth cycle
  • Not growing
  • Attached to inactive follicle
    • The follicle gets smaller until the connections between the hair matrix and the club hair root break down.
28
Q

baldness

Many causes; senescecent hair follicle can be caused by telomer shortening.

29
Q
  • a mass of epitheleal cells that forms a cap that surrounds the hair papilla
  • superficial cells are responsible for producing hair
30
Q
  • a peg of connective tissue containing capillaries and nerves
  • contains melanocytes for hair pigment
A

hair papilla

31
Q
  • layer superficial cells of the hair bulb that are responsible for producing hair
  • basal cells near the center divide, producing daughter cells pushed to the surface
A

hair matrix

32
Q
  • Core of hair; formed by daughter cells closest to the center of the hair matrix
33
Q

middle layer of of the hair matrix

34
Q

cells at the edges of the hair matrix

35
Q

hairs that first appear ~3 months of embryonic development. Fine and unpigmented.

36
Q
  1. Soft, fine
  2. covers body surface
A

vellus hairs

37
Q
  1. heavy, pigmented
  2. head, eyebrows, lashes
  3. other parts converted from vellus hairs after puberty
A

terminal hairs

Anatomy&Physiology (21 decks)

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