CH 5 Colour Perception (TERMS) Flashcards

1
Q

Perception

A

Interpretation of sensation

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2
Q

Sensation

A

Raw interrupted sensory information

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3
Q

Subtractive Colour Mixing (2,1)

A
  • Certain wavelengths of light selectively absorbed by the pigments of paint or filters
  • Perceived colour reflects combination of wavelengths that were not absorbed

ex. White light makes contact with all the object in a room; white because it is made up of all the colours in a wavelength; certain objects absorb certain wavelengths, the unabsorbed light reflects back to the eyes to be perceived

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4
Q

Additive Colour Mixing (1,2)

A

Different wavelengths of light add together to form the resultant colour

  • red + blue + green = white
  • TV = if you go close to tv you will see pixels; primary colours all get projected to your eyes, combination of colours produce different colours
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5
Q

Colour matching

A

Any 3 wavelengths of light (primaries; RBG) may be mixed in different proportions to produce all possible colours

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6
Q

Trichromatic theory (1,2)

A
  • Colour matching (RBG)

Theory proposes that the eye contains 3 colour receptors each differentially sensitive to the various wavelengths of light

  • For any colour, 3 receptors will produce a unique ratio of activity
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7
Q

Opponent-process theory (2,2)

A

Theory proposed that the eye contains 3 opponent-process receptors: red/green, blue/yellow, and black/white

Unlike the Trichromatic Theory, participants describe various colours using 4 rather than 3 primaries (blue, green, yellow, red):

  • Complementary colours: when arranged in the colour circle, opposite colours when mixed in equal proportions yield neutral grey
  • Afterimages: blue and yellow, red and green
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8
Q

Rod monochromats

A

Non-functional cones, poor visual acuity, shades of gray

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9
Q

Protanopia

A

Defective long, inability to distinguish red and purple

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10
Q

Deuteranopia

A

Defective medium, insensitive to green

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11
Q

Tritanopia

A

Defective short, insensitive to blue and yellow

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12
Q

Lateral Geniculate Nuclei (LGN) (1,1)

A
  • “Nut that looks bent at the knee” ; Thalamus

A part of the thalamus that relays visual information from the retina to the brain’s visual cortex

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13
Q

Magnocellular channel (1,1)

A
  • LGN

A visual system pathway that carries information about motion, depth, and luminance

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14
Q

Parvocellular channel (1,1)

A
  • LGN

A visual processing pathway in the brain that handles high-resolution information about colour, form, and texture.

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15
Q

Primary visual cortex

A
  • Receives most visual information
  • Forms a retinotopic map with more area dedicated to the fovea
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16
Q

Retinotopic map

A

A detailed spatial layout in the brain where each tiny area corresponds to a specific location on the retina of the eye

17
Q

Superior Colliculi

A
  • Midbrain (Older)

-Reflexes and object localization

18
Q

First level visual association cortex (3)

A
  • Simple
  • Adjacent areas of the occipital lobe
  • Form, movement, colour analyzed separately
19
Q

Second level visual association cortex

A
  • Complex

Parietal (magnocellular info) and temporal (parvocellular info) lobes

20
Q

Receptive Field

A

Area on the retina that a neuron will respond to

21
Q

Simple cells

A

Light or dark bars in a specific orientation

22
Q

Centre-surround receptive field

A

Found in the retina; neurons with receptive fields organized into a central area and a surrounding area, where stimulation of the centre excites the cell while stimulation of the surround inhibits it, enhancing contrast and edge detection.

23
Q

Complex cells

A

Movement of a light or dark bar in a specific direction

24
Q

Hypercomplex (End-stopped cells)

A

Moving lines of a specific length, or moving corners or angles

25
Bottom-up/Data-driven processing
Analysis and integration of basic features into a perceptual unit (features ⇨object)
26
Hierarchal Organization
Formation of perceptual units through increasingly complex connections between simple units (feature detectors ⇨ object)
27
Second level Parietal (1,1)
Where is it? - Processes **Movement** and **Magnocellular** information
28
Second level temporal
What is it? (1,1) - Processes colour, form, and parvocellular information
29
Motion Agnosia
- Caused by damage on the **second level parietal lobe** Neurological condition where individuals are unable to consciously perceive motion
30
Balint's syndrome
- Caused by damage on the **second level parietal lobe** Neurological condition where individuals are unable to consciously identify where things are even if they see the object
31
Visual agnosia
- Caused by damage on the **second level temporal lobe** Unable to identify what objects are (e.g., able to describe clock by it's characteristics but not label it)
32
Prosopagnosia
- Caused by damage on the **second level temporal lobe** Can’t consciously recognize faces (e.g., if they feel or hear the person, they could recognize them—but if they see them, they won’t)