CH 1 TERMS

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

Scientific study of the causes of behaviour and associated mental processes

Question 2

Empirical

Answer 2

Knowledge acquired through observation

Question 3

Healthy Skepticism

Answer 3

Evaluating claims with an open mind, but insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them as true

Question 4

Zeitgeist

Answer 4

General cultural, intellectual, and moral climate of a specific time period

Question 5

Behaviour (4)

Answer 5

1. Multiply determined
2. Shaped by our cultural heritage (sociocultural)
3. Determined by the interaction between heredity + environment (nature vs nurture)
4. Based on our highly subjective experiences

Question 6

Basic Research

Answer 6

Examines the fundamental nature of phenomena (description, explanation)

Question 7

Applied Research

Answer 7

Helps to solve or evaluate a specific real-world problem (prediction, control)

Question 8

Multiply determined

Answer 8

Generated by various factors

Question 9

Levels of Analysis

Answer 9

Micro: Brain processes (neurons, neuron structures)

Molecular: Responses of the individual (behaviour performance, cause of behaviour)

Molar: Groups (Social psychology; groups influence behaviour)

Question 10

Dispositional Factors

Answer 10

Personal, Internal causes (nature)

Question 11

Situational Factors

Answer 11

Environmental or external (nurture)

Question 12

Biology

Answer 12

Scientific study of life processes and living organisms

Question 13

Physiological Psychology

Answer 13

Biology x Psychology: the study of the biological underpinnings of behaviour and psychological states in brain chemistry and the nervous system

Question 14

Medicine

Answer 14

Scientific study of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases

Question 15

Health Psychology

Answer 15

Medicine x Psychology: The study of how psychological, behavioural, and cultural factors contribute to health and illness.

Question 16

Sociology

Answer 16

Scientific study of human social systems and social relations

Question 17

Social Psychology

Answer 17

Sociology x Psychology: The scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the presence of others.

Question 18

Anthropology

Answer 18

Scientific study of the origins, evolution, and cultures of the human race

Question 19

Cross-cultural psychology

Answer 19

Anthropology x Psychology: The scientific study of how culture affects human behaviour and mental processes across different cultures