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BIO 1202 > ch 40 > Flashcards

ch 40 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

organisms cells must exchange

A

nutrients and wastes across a cell membrane

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2
Q

what surfaces provide larger surface area for exchange

A

branched or folded surfaces

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3
Q

benefits of being large

A

large skeleton, sensory organs, gastrointestinal organs, filtration systems

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3
Q

what does a large skeleton provide

A

protects against predators and allows for locomotion

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4
Q

what does sensory organs provide

A

information abt surroundings

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5
Q

function of gastrointestinal organs

A

break down and absorb food and specialized cells store energy

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6
Q

filtration systemsadjust?

A

adjust composition of fluids

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7
Q

what is the body plan hierarchy

A

cells- tissues-organs-organ systems-body

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8
Q

structure of epithelial tissue

A

cells are tightly packed and form thin sheets

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9
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

A

protection, secretion, absorption and selectively permeable barrier

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10
Q

basal epithelial

A

basal side is attatched to basal lamina, which is attathced on top of underlying tissue

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11
Q

apical epithelial

A

apical side of cell faces the lumen ( cavity) or outside of organ

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12
Q

what is simple columnar epithelium

A

lines intestines, involved in secretion and absorption

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13
Q

what is simple squamous epithelium

A

lines air sacs in lungs and blood vessels, facilitates diffusion

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14
Q

what is stratified squamous epithelium

A

skin and other tissues need constant replacement

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15
Q

structure of connective tissue

A

few cells, extracellular matrix

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16
Q

location and function of connective tissue

A

all over, structural protection and support

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17
Q

what is loose connective tissue

A

holds organs in place

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18
Q

what is fibrous connective tissue

A

tendons and ligaments

19
Q

what is adipose tissue

A

stores fat and provides insulation and protection and energy

20
Q

what is structural connective tissue

A

bone and cartilage

21
Q

what is bone

A

living cells embedded in a matrix offers protection, support and movement

22
Q

what is cartilage

A

living cells embedded in a rubbery matrix, offers flexible support

23
Q

where does blood reside

A

in a plasma

24
Q

function of RBCs

A

carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it throughout our body.

25
Q

function of WBCs

A

help the body fight infection and other diseases

26
Q

what are defense cells

A

large cells that reside in other connective tissues and work with immune systems

27
Q

what does a mast cell ( type of defense cell) help

A

inflammation

28
Q

what does a macrophage help

A

phagocytosis

29
Q

muscle tissue

A

aids in contraction for movement

30
Q

location of muscle tissue

A

attatched to skeleton, heart, and walls of hollow organs

31
Q

structure of nervous tissue

A

large cells ( neurons) that can depolarize, small supporting cells

32
Q
A
33
Q

what is the nervous system

A

a complex network of nerves.that have a specific pathway with rapid response

34
Q

what is the endocrine system

A

tissues that create and release hormone and has gradual change

35
Q

difference between nervous and endocrine system

A

signals travels to a specific location in nervous system while endocrine’s system signal travels everywhere

36
Q

what is homeostasis

A

maintaining relatively constant internal environment

37
Q

what is a circadian rhythm

A

at night a horomone called melatonin is released signaling the night

38
Q

what is acclimatization

A

adjustment to external environment

39
Q

what are conformers

A

allows body to match their enviornemnt, eg temp

40
Q

what are regulators

A

set their body state

41
Q

what is an endotherm

A

humans and mamals are endothermic, meaning they are warmed mostly by heat generated through metabolism

42
Q

what is an ectotherm

A

those that gain heat from external sources, eg reptiles

43
Q

are ectothermy and endothermy mutually exclusive

A

no they are not, bcs a bird is endothermic but can warm itself by the sun as well

44
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

cariad, striated, and smooth

45
Q

Insects are made of ONLY

A

striated muscle

BIO 1202 (19 decks)

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