ch 32 Flashcards
How do animals differ from plants and fungi in their mode of nutrition
Animals ingest food and then use enzymes to digest
Are animals eukaryotes and multicellular
yes
What proovides structural support to animals
proteins- the most abudnat being collagen
What regulates development
Hox Genes
The cells of most animals are organized into tissues, how?
Tissues develop from embryonic layers By gastrulation
Gastrulation forms what
germ layers
What is the Cambrian Explosion
is the Evolutionary rapid diversification of animal phyla
- caused
atmospheric changes
evolution of hox genes
How do animals reproduce
most reproduce sexually with some asexually and some both
How does a zygote develop
zygote- cleavage- blastula- gastrula
What is a body plane
set of morphological and developmental traits
Wht is it important to identify body planes
it differentiates major groups
4 components of body planes
1- symmetry
2- tissues
3- body cavities
4- protostome or duetrotstome
What are the two types sof symmetry
Radial and bilateral
Characteristics of radial symmetry
top and bottom
NO:
front or back
left or right
found in:
planktonic creatures like jellies
Characteristics of Bilateral symmetry
top and bottom
left and right
front and back
has CNS
found in arthropods and mammals
Ectoderm tissue
outer layer, forms outer layer and CNS
Endoderm tissue
innermost layer, forms lining of digestive tract, liver and lungs
Mesoderm tissue
only in bilaterally symmetrical organisms, forms muscles and most organs
What is a body cavity
fluid or air filled space between digestive tract and outer body wall
Coelom functions
- cushions organs
allows ind movement and growth of organs
suspension structure for organ attachment
What are protostome and deuterostome
two early stage developmental modes
Protostome charactersitics
- first then mouth
develop spinal cleavage
mouth develops from blastopore
deuterostome charactersitics
second then mouth
radial cleavage
anus develops from blastopore
Invertebrates are
polyphyletic and highly diverse
