ch. 31 orthopedic injuries

Question 1

Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the:

Answer 1

femur

Question 2

A “hip” fracture is actually a fracture of the:

Answer 2

proximal femur

Question 3

A(n) ___ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child’s bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities.

Answer 3

epiphyseal

Question 4

What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of contents within its structures?

Answer 4

smooth

Question 5

Crepitus and false motion are:

Answer 5

positive indicators of a fracture

Question 6

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity?

Answer 6

displaced fracture

Question 7

Joints are bathed and lubricated by ___ fluid.

Answer 7

synovial

Question 8

Common signs and symptoms of a sprain include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Answer 8

deformity

Question 9

The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called:

Answer 9

traction

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is NOT true?

Answer 10

It most commonly occurs with a fractured femur

Question 11

A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a ___ fracture.

Answer 11

pathologic

Question 12

Care for a patient with a fractured tibia and suspected compartment syndrome includes:

Answer 12

keeping the leg at the level of the heart

Question 13

A fracture is MOST accurately described as a(n):

Answer 13

break in the continuity of the bone

Question 14

In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless:

Answer 14

the patient is clinically unstable

Question 15

A supracondylar or intercondylar fracture is also known as a fracture of the:

Answer 15

distal humerus

Question 16

In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?

Answer 16

If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

Question 17

The MOST common and significant complication associated with fractures or dislocations of the knee is:

Answer 17

neurovascular compromise

Question 18

Any injury that makes the limb appear in an unnatural position

Answer 18

Displaced fracture

Question 19

Any break in the bone in which the overlying skin has been damaged as well

Answer 19

open fractures

Question 20

skeletal muscle

Answer 20

striated muscle

Question 21

Deformity caused by a fracture would MOST likely be masked by:

Answer 21

swelling

Question 22

The MOST commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is/are the:

Answer 22

clavicle

Question 23

The ___ is one of the most commonly fractured bones in the body.

Answer 23

clavicle

Question 24

Improperly applying a splint can cause all of the following, EXCEPT:

Answer 24

increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight

Question 25

Because of local tenderness and swelling, it is easy to confuse a non-displaced or minimally displaced fracture at the knee with a:

Answer 25

ligament injury

Question 26

Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called:

Answer 26

ligament

Question 27

When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed:

Answer 27

in a functional position

Question 28

An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which:

Answer 28

the overlying skin is no longer intact.

Question 29

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when:

Answer 29

muscle decreases in size and function

Question 30

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when:

Answer 30

muscle decreases in size and function

Question 31

A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the:

Answer 31

lumbar spine

Question 32

In moving joints, the ends of the bones are covered with:

Answer 32

articular cartilage

Question 33

There is often a significant amount of blood loss, as much as 500 to ___ mL, after a fracture of the shaft of the femur.

Answer 33

1000

Question 34

The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is:

Answer 34

delaying transport of a critically injured patient

Question 35

Bone marrow produces:

Answer 35

blood cells

Question 36

If a dislocated shoulder has spontaneously reduced before your arrival, the only way to confirm the injury is by noting:

Answer 36

the patient history

Question 37

Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to ___ mL of internal blood loss.

Answer 37

1000

Question 38

Signs and symptoms of a dislocated joint include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Answer 38

ecchymosis

Question 39

A grating or grinding sensation known as ___ can be felt, and sometimes even heard, when fractured bone ends rub together.

Answer 39

crepitus

Question 40

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike fibrous structures called:

Answer 40

tendons

Question 41

You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient’s deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should:

Answer 41

stop and splint the leg in the deformed position

Question 42

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient’s life?

Answer 42

Pelvic fracture with hypotension

Question 43

Blood in the urine is known as:

Answer 43

hematuria

Question 44

Which of the following joints allows no motion?

Answer 44

skull sutures

Question 45

With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the:

Answer 45

area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury

Question 46

Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain?

Answer 46

skeleton

Question 47

The musculoskeletal system refers to the:

Answer 47

bones and voluntary muscles of the body

Question 48

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:

Answer 48

distal radius

Question 49

When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should:

Answer 49

carefully assess the patient for breathing problems