ch. 31 orthopedic injuries Flashcards
Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the:
femur
A “hip” fracture is actually a fracture of the:
proximal femur
A(n) ___ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child’s bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities.
epiphyseal
What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of contents within its structures?
smooth
Crepitus and false motion are:
positive indicators of a fracture
Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity?
displaced fracture
Joints are bathed and lubricated by ___ fluid.
synovial
Common signs and symptoms of a sprain include all of the following, EXCEPT:
deformity
The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called:
traction
Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is NOT true?
It most commonly occurs with a fractured femur
A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a ___ fracture.
pathologic
Care for a patient with a fractured tibia and suspected compartment syndrome includes:
keeping the leg at the level of the heart
A fracture is MOST accurately described as a(n):
break in the continuity of the bone
In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless:
the patient is clinically unstable
A supracondylar or intercondylar fracture is also known as a fracture of the:
distal humerus
In which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?
If resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain
The MOST common and significant complication associated with fractures or dislocations of the knee is:
neurovascular compromise
Any injury that makes the limb appear in an unnatural position
Displaced fracture
Any break in the bone in which the overlying skin has been damaged as well
open fractures
skeletal muscle
striated muscle
Deformity caused by a fracture would MOST likely be masked by:
swelling
The MOST commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is/are the:
clavicle
The ___ is one of the most commonly fractured bones in the body.
clavicle
Improperly applying a splint can cause all of the following, EXCEPT:
increase of distal circulation if the splint is too tight
Because of local tenderness and swelling, it is easy to confuse a non-displaced or minimally displaced fracture at the knee with a:
ligament injury
Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called:
ligament
When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed:
in a functional position
An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which:
the overlying skin is no longer intact.
Atrophy is a condition that occurs when:
muscle decreases in size and function
Atrophy is a condition that occurs when:
muscle decreases in size and function
A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the:
lumbar spine
In moving joints, the ends of the bones are covered with:
articular cartilage
There is often a significant amount of blood loss, as much as 500 to ___ mL, after a fracture of the shaft of the femur.
1000
The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is:
delaying transport of a critically injured patient
Bone marrow produces:
blood cells
If a dislocated shoulder has spontaneously reduced before your arrival, the only way to confirm the injury is by noting:
the patient history
Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to ___ mL of internal blood loss.
1000
Signs and symptoms of a dislocated joint include all of the following, EXCEPT:
ecchymosis
A grating or grinding sensation known as ___ can be felt, and sometimes even heard, when fractured bone ends rub together.
crepitus
Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike fibrous structures called:
tendons
You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient’s deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should:
stop and splint the leg in the deformed position
Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient’s life?
Pelvic fracture with hypotension
Blood in the urine is known as:
hematuria
Which of the following joints allows no motion?
skull sutures
With regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the:
area of soft-tissue damage surrounding the injury
Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain?
skeleton
The musculoskeletal system refers to the:
bones and voluntary muscles of the body
A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:
distal radius
When caring for a patient with a possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should:
carefully assess the patient for breathing problems
