ch. 27 face and neck injuries Flashcards
pinna
visible part of the ear
tragus
small rounded fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal
what do injuries to the face and neck often lead to
partial or total obstruction to the airway
dental injury
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION, car accident, assault, loosened or missing teeth
conjunctivitis
inflamed, red, immediate tears in the conjunctiva
epitaxis
nosebleed
layers of bones in each nasal chamber are called
turbinate’s
tympanic membrane
eardrum
what 3 bones does the middle of the ear contain
hammer, anvil, stirrup
internal auditory canal
eustachian tube
what are facial fractures usually from
blunt trauma
soft tissue injuries and fractures
of the bones of the face and neck are common and vary in severity
in face and neck injuries, your priorities are to:
prevent further injury to the cervical spine; manage the airway and ventilation of the patient, and control bleeding
may be caused by heavy bleeding into the airway, swelling in and around the structures of the airway located in the face and neck, and injuries tot he central nervous system that interfere with normal respiration
airway compromise
use direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.
to control heavy bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face
use a moist, sterile dressing–
if brain tissue is exposed
maintain a high index of suspicion for patients with unequal pupils, this may indicate
an injury to the brain
air embolism
the presence of air in the vein, which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart
anisocoria
naturally occurring uneven pupil size
a fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit
blow-out fracture
conjunctiva
the delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye
cornea
the transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and iris
a branch of the internal auditory canal that connects the middle ear to the oropharynx
Eustachian tube
the ear canal; leads to tympanic membrane
external auditory canal
globe
eyeball
muscle surrounding the tissue behind the cornea that dilate and constrict the pupil, regulate the amount of light that enters the eye; pigment in this tissue gives eye color
iris
the glands that produce fluids to keep eyes moist (tear glands)
lacrimal glands
transparent part of the eye through which images are focused on the retina
lens
the prominent bony mass at the base of the skull, about one inch posterior to the external opening of the ear
mastoid process
a cranial nerve that transmits visual information to the brain
optic nerve
circular opening in the middle of the iris that admits light to the back of the eye
pupil
light sensitive area of the eye where images are projected; a layer of cells at the back of the eye that changes the light image into electric impulses which are carried by the optic nerve to the brain
retina
retinal detachment
separation of the retina from its attachment at the back of the eye
tough, fibrous white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures
sclera
the muscles on either side of the neck that allow the movement of the head
sternocleidomastoid muscles
A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues.
subcutaneous emphysema
The joint formed where the mandible and cranium meet, just in front of the ear.
temporomandibular joint
turbinates
layers of bone in the nasal cavity
eardrum, which lies between the external and middle ear
tympanic membrane
When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is MOST important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient’s injuries because:
they may need to call a specialist to see the patient
The superficial temporal artery can be palpated:
just anterior to the tragus.
Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct?
It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost.
