Ch 3 Bacterial Culture and Growth

Question 1

What is essential nutrients?

Answer 1

Nutrients that must be supplied by the environment

Question 2

Macronutrient elements needed

Answer 2

CHONPS

Question 3

Macronutrient ions needed

Answer 3

Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+. K+

Question 4

Micronutrients trace elements needed for enzyme function

Answer 4

Co, Cu, Mn, Zn

Question 5

What are autotrophs?

Answer 5

Fix CO2 and assemble into organic molc. (sugars)

Question 6

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 6

Consume other organism for energy source

Question 7

How do phototroph obtain energy?

Answer 7

Chemical reactions triggered by light

Question 8

How do chemotrophs obtain energy?

Answer 8

Oxidation-reduction reactions

Question 9

How do lithotrophs obtain energy?

Answer 9

Use inorganic molc. as a source of energy

Question 10

How do organotrophs obtain energy?

Answer 10

Use organic molc.

Question 11

True or False: Fungi are heterotrophic consumers

Answer 11

True, parasitism

Question 12

What organisms are photoheterotrophic?

Answer 12

Algae, produce biomass through photosynthesis

Question 13

How is nutrients taken up into the cell?

Answer 13

Through the membrane

Question 14

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 14

Helps move solutes from a high conc. to a low conc. without using ATP

Question 15

What is group translocation?

Answer 15

Uses energy to chemically alter substrates during transport

Question 16

True or False: Phosphotransferase system (PTS) is present in all bacteria

Answer 16

True

Question 17

How does phototransferase system (PTS) work?

Answer 17

Uses phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to attach a phosphate to specific sugars

Question 18

True or False: Active transport does not require ATP

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is coupled transport system?

Answer 19

Energy released by an ion moving down its conc. gradient is used to push a solute up its conc. gradient

Question 20

What is symport?

Answer 20

Two molc. travel in the same direction

Question 21

What is antiport?

Answer 21

The actively transported molc. travels in an opposite direction than the driving molc.

Question 22

What is a defined media medium?

Answer 22

Contains only the compounds needed for and organism to grow

Question 23

True or False: We’ve succeeded in culturing all of the microorganisms around us

Answer 23

False

Question 24

How do you find the growth rate of bacteria (hint: binary fission)?

Answer 24

2^n
n=number of generations

Question 25

How do find generational time?

Answer 25

Nt = No x 2^n
final=initial x growth rate

Question 26

Bacterial growth curve

Answer 26

Lag, exponential stationary, death