Ch 13 Regulation Flashcards
What is RNA polymerase?
Complex enzymes that carries out transcription by making RNA copies of a DNA template strand
What is core polymerase alpha2, Beta , beta′ used for?
Elongation phase
What is sigma factor used for?
Initiation phase
What is a regulon?
Set of genes and operons scattered in the chromosomes with related functions
How are sporulation and sigma factor related?
Activation of sigma F leads to synthesis of sigma G which triggers spore development
What are small RNA (sRNA)?
Molc. encoded by intergenic regions
What are cis-antisense RNA (asRNA)?
Molc. transcribed from the DNA strands opposite the mRNA-encoded template strand
What are the regulatory RNA?
Small RNA and cis-antisense RNA
What do asRNA do?
Stop transcription and prevent mRNA translation
What is phase variation?
Microbes use gene regulation to periodically change their appearance
Why do microbes use phase variation?
Immune (pathogen) avoidance
Why do we need to regulate nitrogen?
When glutamate converts to glutamine which contains nitrogen there can be excessive
Which components regulate nitrogen?
NtrB-NtrC signal transduction glnA
What is quorum sensing?
Bacterial cells work together at high density
