Ch 11 Bacterial translation and secretion

Question 1

What is transcription?

Answer 1

Reading an DNA template to make an RNA copy

Question 2

What is translation?

Answer 2

Decoding RNA to make assemble protein

Question 3

What happens after translation?

Answer 3

Polypeptide is folded and placed at correct cellular or extracellular location

Question 4

Transcription: what is initiation?

Answer 4

RNA pol holoenzyme binds to promoter

Question 5

Transcription: what is elongation?

Answer 5

RNA chain is extended

Question 6

Transcription: what is termination?

Answer 6

RNA pol detaches from DNA after transcript is made

Question 7

What does it mean that transcription and translation are coupled?

Answer 7

Before RNA pol is done making mRNA, ribosomes will bind to 5’ end of mRNA and start translation

Question 8

True or False: Nothing can affect transcription or translation

Answer 8

False, antibiotics can affect transcription and translation

Question 9

What do GroEL and GroES chaperones do?

Answer 9

Form a stacked ring with hollow center for protein to fit inside

Question 10

What do DnaK chaperones do?

Answer 10

Clamp down on polypeptide to assist in protein folding

Question 11

What are proteasomes?

Answer 11

Protein-degrading machines found in eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria

Question 12

What are Lon and ClpP?

Answer 12

ATP-dependent proteases

Question 13

How do proteins get to the periplasm?

Answer 13

SecA-dependent secretion pathway

Question 14

What is twin arginine translocase (TAT)?

Answer 14

Uses proton motive force to move pre folded proteins across the periplasm

Question 15

True or False: Gram-negative bacteria need to have all protein in the cell

Answer 15

False, they all need to be exported out of the cell