Ch 18- Biosynthesis Flashcards
Another name for biosynthesis
Anabolism
What is biosynthesis?
Building of complex molecules
Essential elements for biosynthesis
CHON, etc
What processes are used to obtain energy?
ATP hydrolysis, NADPH oxidation, ion flow down transmembrane concentration gradient
How to obtain substrates
Glycolysis and TCA cycle
What is secreted? Biosynthesis
Antibiotics, toxins, quorum signals, biofilm matrix
PEP + CO2 → Oxaloacetate
Anaplerotic reactions
Why does the TCA cycle reverse?
for reduction of CO2 and regenerate acetyl-CoA and sugars
Reductive TCA cycle uses
4-5 ATP for 4-5 molecules of CO2 and one oxaloacetate
What are the reducing agents?
NADPH or NADH
Who uses the Acetyl-CoA pathway?
Anaerobic soil bacteria, autotrophic sulfate reducers, methanogens
What happens in the acetyl-CoA pathway
2 CO2 molecules converge pathways to form the acetyl group of acetyl CoA
What is the reducing agent for acetyl-CoA pathway?
H2
Who uses the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle?
Thermophiles: Chloroflexus and Sulfolobus
What happens during 3-hydroxypropionate cycle
Acetyl-CoA condenses with CO2 and reduced by 2NADPH to 3-hydroxypropionate
