Ch. 23 Disorders of Daily Life

Question 1

seriousness of thermal burns determined by

Answer 1

depth, % body surface area, baux score, lung injury, rapid Rx

Question 2

depth of thermal burns: confined to epidermis

Answer 2

superficial

Question 3

depth of thermal burns: dermis involved

Answer 3

partial thickness

Question 4

depth of thermal burns: through dermis to fat, muscle, bone

Answer 4

full thickness

Question 5

depth of thermal burns: red, blanche to pressure, no vesicles (blisters), no edema, painful, dry, no scar

Answer 5

superficial

Question 6

depth of thermal burns: vesicles (blisters), red, do not blanche to pressure, always edematous, painful, wet, heal with scar

Answer 6

partial thickness

Question 7

depth of thermal burns: charred or translucent, vesselsvisible, often painless (nerve destruction), pain from partial thickness burns at edges, heal with scar

Answer 7

full thickness

Question 8

Baux score

Answer 8

age + percent BSA= estimated mortality

Question 9

LD50=

baux score of 50% people die

Answer 9

BS 109

Question 10

lung injury adds ( ) to age plus BSA

Answer 10

17

Question 11

2 biggest complaints of burn victims

Answer 11

thirsty and cold

Question 12

freezing of superficial skin

Answer 12

frostnip

Question 13

cold injury: firm white patches, peel or blister with rewarming

Answer 13

frostnip

Question 14

cold injury: dermis and deeper

Answer 14

frostbite

Question 15

cold injury: hard, white, lacks feeling. may blister with rewarming. may cause gangrene

Answer 15

frostbite

Question 16

cold injury: cole temp, wet clothes, alcohol (peripheral vasodilation). Lethargy, cluminess, confusion, low respiratory and heart rates

Answer 16

hypothermia

Question 17

key of heat stroke

Answer 17

high body temp but no sweating

Question 18

heat illness: dehydration and electrolyte loss

Answer 18

muscle spasms

Question 19

elecritcal injury: burns, intravascular coagulation

Answer 19

heat injury

Question 20

elecritcal injury: cardiac arrhythmia, muscle spasms, seizure, respiratory arrest

Answer 20

electrical dysfunction

Question 21

ionizing radiation: low energy radiation (visible light, radio, radar) does no ( )

Answer 21

molecular damage

Question 22

ionizing radiation: ( ) cause molecular damage that cannot be reversed

Answer 22

high energy

Question 23

most common high energy ionizing radiation

Answer 23

skin cancers from UV damage

Question 24

ionizing radiation: ( ) is cumulative for life

Answer 24

effect

Question 25

effect of ionizing radiation depends on...

Answer 25

field size, rate of cell proliferation, tissue oxygenation

Question 26

effect of ionizing radiation: radiation Rx= intense to small field; whole body= lower level can be fatal

Answer 26

field size

Question 27

effect of ionizing radiation: high: bone marrow, lymphoid, GI and respiratory epithelius, gonads, epidermis; low: muscle/bone

Answer 27

rate of cell prolferation

Question 28

effect of ionizing radiation: high O2 more vulnerable; ractive oxygen species enhance damage

Answer 28

tissue oxygenation

Question 29

ionizing radiation: ifections (lymphoid, BM), diarrhea (GI mucosa)

Answer 29

acute radiation sickess

Question 30

heat illness: profuse sweating, sudden weakness, disorientation, fainting

Answer 30

heat exhaustion

Question 31

heat illness: body temp 102

Answer 31

heat exhaustion

Question 32

heat illness: body temp 104

Answer 32

heat stroke

Question 33

heat illness: headache, nausea, vomiting, very rapid HR and respiratory rate, weakness or rigity, disorientation, coma

Answer 33

het stroke

Question 34

heat illness: heat cram Rx

Answer 34

rehydration, electrolyte

Question 35

heat illness: heat exhaustion Rx

Answer 35

relief from heat, fluid, electrolytes

Question 36

heat illness: heat stroke Rx

Answer 36

rapid cooling, cold IV fluids, half dies is body temp rises to 106

Question 37

toxin vs poison:

Answer 37

poison connotates intent

Question 38

T/F: any substance can be toxis if dose is large enough, including water

Answer 38

True

Question 39

long term exposure to aniline dye

Answer 39

bladder cancer

Question 40

long term exposure to asbestos

Answer 40

lung cancer

Question 41

long term toxic exposure is often ( )

Answer 41

occupational

Question 42

carbon monoxide= indoor or outdoor

Answer 42

indoor

Question 43

passive smoke is ( )

Answer 43

sidestream smoke

Question 44

getting second hand smoke are you getting the most toxic or least toxic?

Answer 44

most toxic

Question 45

acute drug overdose ~( ) accidental deaths

Answer 45

35,000

Question 46

acute alcohol poisoning ~() accidental deaths

Answer 46

2000

Question 47

metal toxic exposures: most from paint

Answer 47

lead

Question 48

metal toxic exposures: now rare, some fish

Answer 48

mecury

Question 49

therapeutic drugs: now only for hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryness

Answer 49

hormost (estrogen) replacement Rx

Question 50

therapeutic drugs: very small decreased risk for ovarian and endometrial cancer; very samll increased risk for cervical, breast, and liver cancer

Answer 50

oral contraceptives

Question 51

therapeutic drugs:testoterone alalogs, illegal in US; increase muscle mass, improve athletic performance

Answer 51

anabolic steroids

Question 52

therapeutic drugs: Reye syndrome (liver toxicity, febrile children)

Answer 52

aspirin

Question 53

therapeutic drugs: acetaminophen (tylenol) accidental oversose ~() deaths/year

Answer 53

200-1500 (liver failure)

Question 54

#1 cause of preventable death in US Smoke

Answer 54

tabacco use

Question 55

tobacco use contains ( ) carcinogens

Answer 55

60+

Question 56

tobacco use: ( ) deaths one year

Answer 56

480,000

Question 57

tobacco use: of 480,000 deaths, how many second hand smoke?

Answer 57

~41,000

Question 58

tobacco use: ( ) correlates with disease

Answer 58

number of pack-years

Question 59

tobacco use: ( ) is the addictive drug in tobacco

Answer 59

nicotine

Question 60

alcohol use and abuse: deaths/year

Answer 60

~88,000

Question 61

alcohol use and abuse: leathal drunkenness; coma and death occur at ( )

Answer 61

.08%; | .3-40%

Question 62

alcohol use and abuse:( ) metaboizes ethaanol and is most severely affected

Answer 62

liver (fatty liver, cirrhosis)

Question 63

alcohol use and abuse:pancreas

Answer 63

pancreatitis

Question 64

alcohol use and abuse: GI tract

Answer 64

gastritis, gastric and esophageal ulcers with hemorrhange, cancers of mouth/pharynx/larynx/esophagus

Question 65

alcohol use and abuse: CVS

Answer 65

cardiomyophathy (but moderate alcohol consumption is CVS protective)

Question 66

alcohol use and abuse: CNS

Answer 66

cerebellar degeneration, encephalopathy, psychosis

Question 67

drug abuse: have a calming effect

Answer 67

depressants

Question 68

drug abuse: ethanol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines

Answer 68

depressants

Question 69

drug abuse: produce euphoria, agitation

Answer 69

stimlants

Question 70

drug abuse: cocaine, amphetamines

Answer 70

stimulants

Question 71

drug abuse: cause euphoria, drowsiness

Answer 71

narcotics

Question 72

drug abuse: most derived from opium (heroin, morphine)

Answer 72

narcotics

Question 73

drug abuse: synthetics- fetanyl, meperidine, oxycodone

Answer 73

narcotics

Question 74

drug abuse: distort reality

Answer 74

hallucinogens

Question 75

drug abuse: MJ, LSD, DMT, others

Answer 75

hallucinogens

Question 76

nutritional disorders: eating disorders, poverty, ignorance, disease

Answer 76

undernutrition

Question 77

protein and energy deficiency...skeletally thin limbs, wrinkled skin=

Answer 77

marasmus

Question 78

protein deficiency but some carbohydrate calories: puffy face, limbs, bulging belly from low blood albumin and resultant edema, smooth skin

Answer 78

Kwashiorkor

Question 79

protein energy malnutrition: severe wasting with cancer, AIDS (not mere starvation; metabolism increased)

Answer 79

cachexia

Question 80

obesity is defined by ( )

Answer 80

BMI (Kg/m^2)

Question 81

( ) of US population is overweight; ( ) obese

Answer 81

2/3; 1/3

Question 82

obesity diseases

Answer 82

diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, gallstones, hypoventilation, osteoarthritis, cancer

Question 83

BMI morbid obesity

Answer 83

over 40

Question 84

morbid obesity

Answer 84

+ sleep apnea, reflux, incontinence, infertility

Question 85

is a calorie a calorie?

Answer 85

no; sugar peaks really high and is stored as fat

Question 86

metabolic syndrome: has to have ( ) of 5 for Dx

Answer 86

3

Question 87

metabolic syndrome: 5 requirements

Answer 87

1) hypertension 2) abnormal glucose metabolism 3) high triglyceride 4) low HDL cholesterol (males