Ch 22

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

change in genetic composition of a population from generation to generation

Question 2

Malthus

Answer 2

economist who believed that many are born but it is not possible for all to survive because of the limits of resources

Question 3

Lamarck

Answer 3

naturalist who believed offspring inherited acquired characteristics

Question 4

Darwin embarked on what journey where he developed his theory?

Answer 4

HMS Beagle with Captain Fitzroy

Question 5

adaptation

Answer 5

inherited characteristic of organism that enhances survival

Question 6

natural selection

Answer 6

individuals with certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates

Question 7

______ is the mechanism for _______.

Answer 7

Natural selection is the mechanism for descent with modification

Question 8

Natural selection explained:

Answer 8

unity of life
diversity of life
match between organisms and their environments

Question 9

artificial selection

Answer 9

human modification of other species by selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits

Question 10

homology

Answer 10

similarity resulting from common ancestry, structural but not necessarily functional

Question 11

homologous structures

Answer 11

appendages with same underlying structure but often different functions

Question 12

vestigial structures

Answer 12

unimportant remnants of features that served a function in ancestors

Question 13

evolutionary tree

Answer 13

diagram that reflects evolutionary relationships among groups

Question 14

convergent evolution

Answer 14

independent evolution of similar features in different lineages

Question 15

analogous

Answer 15

resemblance due to convergent evolution, similar function but not common ancestry

Question 16

biogeography

Answer 16

geographic distribution of species

Question 17

endemic

Answer 17

found nowhere else in the world